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A Struggle for Rome, v. 2
A Struggle for Rome, v. 2

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 is here in full — 239 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Struggle for Rome, v. 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.
"As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.
At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.
But who keeps the tower at the gate?
Him we must have."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Struggle for Rome, v. 2

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 is here in full — 239 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.
Line 2
"As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.
Line 3
At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.
Line 4
But who keeps the tower at the gate?
/bʌt huː kiːps ðə ˈtaʊər æt ðə ɡeɪt/
Line 5
Him we must have."
/hɪm wiː mʌst hæv/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Armenian noun US /ɑːrˈmiːniən/

a native or inhabitant of Armenia

From this reading “Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.”

flag noun US /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading “"As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.”

keeps noun US /kiːps/

plural of “keep” — the financial means whereby one lives

From this reading “But who keeps the tower at the gate?”

mercenaries noun US /ˈmɜːrsəneriz/

plural of “mercenary” — a person hired to fight for another country than their own

From this reading “Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.”

Perseus noun US /ˈpɜːrsiəs/

(Greek mythology) the son of Zeus who slew Medusa (with the help of Athena and Hermes) and rescued Andromeda from a sea monster

From this reading “Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.”

Porta noun US /ˈpɔːrtə/

an aperture or hole that opens into a bodily cavity

From this reading “"As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.”

swords noun US /sɔːrdz/

plural of “sword” — a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading “Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.”

unfold verb US /ənˈfoʊld/

develop or come to a promising stage

From this reading “"As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

about thirty preposition + noun

In this reading “Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.”

wait outside verb + adjective

In this reading “At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.”

at the gate preposition + article + noun counted as “at … gate”

In this reading “But who keeps the tower at the gate?”

rush into verb + particle

In this reading “At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.”

upon the walls preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … wall”

In this reading “"As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.”

at the moment preposition + article + noun counted as “at … moment”

In this reading “"As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

ArmeniannounUS /ɑːrˈmiːniən/

a native or inhabitant of Armenia

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

battle-axes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But who keeps the tower at the gate?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

Capuana

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

flagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading But who keeps the tower at the gate?

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Him we must have."

HimpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Him we must have."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

Huns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

insideadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on the side closer to the center or within a defined space

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

Johannes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

keepsnounUS /kiːps/

plural of “keep” — the financial means whereby one lives

From this reading But who keeps the tower at the gate?

mercenariesnounUS /ˈmɜːrsəneriz/

plural of “mercenary” — a person hired to fight for another country than their own

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

PerseusnounUS /ˈpɜːrsiəs/

(Greek mythology) the son of Zeus who slew Medusa (with the help of Athena and Hermes) and rescued Andromeda from a sea monster

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

PortanounUS /ˈpɔːrtə/

an aperture or hole that opens into a bodily cavity

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

sally-port

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

ShortlyadverbUS /ˈʃɔːrtli/

for a short time

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

signalnounUS /ˈsɪɡnəl/

any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

swordsnounUS /sɔːrdz/

plural of “sword” — a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading But who keeps the tower at the gate?

unfoldverbUS /ənˈfoʊld/

develop or come to a promising stage

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Shortly afterwards Johannes again appeared, accompanied by his brother Perseus and about thirty brave Armenian mercenaries, who carried, besides their swords, short battle-axes.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading At this signal my Huns, who wait outside, will rush into the sally-port.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "As soon as we are inside, Perseus," said Johannes, "you must break open the sally-port to the right of the Porta Capuana at the moment when the others unfold our flag upon the walls.

Chapter 8 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 by Felix Dahn holds 239 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 239 sentences of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 by Felix Dahn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 239 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Struggle for Rome, v. 2

Common questions about reading A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 by Felix Dahn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2?

Yes. All 7655 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32330 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32330, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 1531 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through A Struggle for Rome, v. 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Struggle for Rome, v. 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Struggle for Rome, v. 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Third
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Arrival
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gothic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.