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A Struggle for Rome, v. 3
A Struggle for Rome, v. 3

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3 is here in full — 478 sentences across 96 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/95 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.
Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.
And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.
But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.
Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Struggle for Rome, v. 3

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3 is here in full — 478 sentences across 96 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/95 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.
/ɔːl ˈnesəseri ˈmeʒərz hæd bɪn ˈteɪkən fɔːr ðə ɪˈskeɪp ʌv ðə kɪŋ/
Line 2
Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.
Line 3
And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.
Line 4
But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.
/bʌt ʃiː tɜːrnd peɪl wen ðə ˈlætər rʌʃt tuː miːt hɜːr wɪð æn er ʌv ˌdespərˈeɪʃən ənd dræɡd hɜːr əˈkrɔːs ðə ˈθreʃoʊld/
Line 5
Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.
/wʌns ɪn ðə ruːm hiː θruː hɪmˈself ɑːn hɪz niːz bɪˈfɔːr hɜːr ˈbiːtɪŋ hɪz brest wɪð hɪz fɪsts ənd ˈterɪŋ hɪz ɡreɪ her/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bern noun US /bɜːrn/

the capital of Switzerland; located in western Switzerland

From this reading “Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.”

charger noun US /ˈtʃɑːrdʒər/

formerly a strong swift horse ridden into battle

From this reading “Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.”

desperation noun US /ˌdespərˈeɪʃən/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading “But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.”

Dietrich noun US /ˈdiːtrɪk/

French philosopher (born in Germany) famous as being one of the first self-described atheists in Europe

From this reading “Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.”

fists noun US /fɪsts/

plural of “fist” — a hand with the fingers clenched in the palm (as for hitting)

From this reading “Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.”

freedman noun US /ˈfriːdmən/

a person who has been freed from slavery

From this reading “Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.”

measures noun US /ˈmeʒərz/

plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading “All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.”

tearing noun US /ˈterɪŋ/

shedding tears

From this reading “Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

thoroughly acquainted adverb + adjective

In this reading “Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.”

grey hair adjective + noun

In this reading “Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.”

across the threshold preposition + article + noun counted as “across … threshold”

In this reading “But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.”

stout heart adjective + noun

In this reading “And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.”

with an air preposition + article + noun counted as “with … air”

In this reading “But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.”

in the room preposition + article + noun counted as “in … room”

In this reading “Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

acquaintedadjectiveUS /əˈkweɪntɪd/

having fair knowledge of

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

beatingnounUS /ˈbiːtɪŋ/

the act of overcoming or outdoing

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

BernnounUS /bɜːrn/

the capital of Switzerland; located in western Switzerland

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

breastnounUS /brest/

the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

chargernounUS /ˈtʃɑːrdʒər/

formerly a strong swift horse ridden into battle

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

confidencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfədəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

desperationnounUS /ˌdespərˈeɪʃən/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

DietrichnounUS /ˈdiːtrɪk/

French philosopher (born in Germany) famous as being one of the first self-described atheists in Europe

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

draggedverbUS /dræɡd/

inflected form of “drag” — pull, as against a resistance

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

dwellingnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋ/

housing that someone is living in

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

faithfuladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪθfəl/

steadfast in affection or allegiance

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

fistsnounUS /fɪsts/

plural of “fist” — a hand with the fingers clenched in the palm (as for hitting)

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

freedmannounUS /ˈfriːdmən/

a person who has been freed from slavery

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

gaolernoun

someone who guards prisoners

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

lendverbUS /lend/

bestow a quality on

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

measuresnounUS /ˈmeʒərz/

plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

pine-grove

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

Rauthgundis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

rushedadjectiveUS /rʌʃt/

done under pressure

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

tearingnounUS /ˈterɪŋ/

shedding tears

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading All necessary measures had been taken for the escape of the King.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

thoroughlyadverbUS /ˈθɜːroʊli/

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

thresholdnounUS /ˈθreʃoʊld/

the starting point for a new state or experience

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading Once in the room, he threw himself on his knees before her, beating his breast with his fists and tearing his grey hair.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

Wachis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But she turned pale when the latter rushed to meet her with an air of desperation, and dragged her across the threshold.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading And it was with the confidence which completed preparations always lend to a stout heart, that Rauthgundis returned to the dwelling of the gaoler.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Rauthgundis and Wachis had made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the pine-grove where the faithful freedman was to wait with the charger of Dietrich of Bern.

Chapter 3 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3 by Felix Dahn holds 478 sentences, grouped into 96 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3 contain?

Chapter 3 holds 478 sentences of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3, unabridged, divided into 96 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3 by Felix Dahn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 478 sentences, grouped into 96 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3?

Work through the 96 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 96 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #32377, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 538 minutes of reading across 1293 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in A Struggle for Rome, v. 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Struggle for Rome, v. 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Witichis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thanks
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Precautions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Taken
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Struggle for Rome, v. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.