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A Study of Shakespeare
A Study of Shakespeare

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of A Study of Shakespeare is here in full — 473 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/94 · 5 lines
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A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.
Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.
In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:
"I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."
The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Study of Shakespeare

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of A Study of Shakespeare is here in full — 473 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/94 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.
Line 2
Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.
Line 3
In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:
Line 4
"I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."
Line 5
The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.
/ðə bʊk wɑːz prəˈduːst æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt wen ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi wɪð rɪˈɡɑːrd tuː ðə ˌɪnˈtɜːrnəl ˈevədəns ʌv ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən ɪn ðə ˈraɪtɪŋz əˈtrɪbjətɪd tuː ˈʃeɪkspiːr wɑːz ˈreɪdʒɪŋ haɪ ənd ðə əˈmjuːzɪŋ əˈpendɪsiːz wɜːr ˈædəd æt ðə læst ˈmoʊmənt ðæt ðeɪ maɪt ˌɪnˈfjʊrieɪt ðə ˈpedənts ʌv ðə nuː ˈʃeɪkspiːr səˈsaɪəti/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appendices noun US /əˈpendɪsiːz/

plural of “appendix” — supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book

From this reading “The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.”

controversy noun US /ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/

a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

From this reading “The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.”

Fortnightly adjective US /ˈfɔːrtnaɪtli/

occurring every two weeks

infuriate verb US /ˌɪnˈfjʊrieɪt/

make furious

From this reading “The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.”

metrical adjective US /ˈmetrɪkəl/

based on the meter as a standard of measurement

From this reading “"I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."”

pedants noun US /ˈpedənts/

plural of “pedant” — a person who pays more attention to formal rules and book learning than they merit

From this reading “The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.”

stages noun US /ˈsteɪdʒəz/

plural of “stage” — any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading “"I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."”

traceable adjective US /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading “"I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1874

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

1875

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

1876

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

1880

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

31

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

ALGERNON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

amusingadjectiveUS /əˈmjuːzɪŋ/

providing enjoyment; pleasantly entertaining

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

appendicesnounUS /əˈpendɪsiːz/

plural of “appendix” — supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

attributedverbUS /əˈtrɪbjətɪd/

past form of “attribute” — attribute or credit to

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

BegunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

CHARLESnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

compositionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/

the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

controversynounUS /ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/

a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

earnounUS /iːr/

the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

essaynounUS /eˈseɪ/

an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

fingerverbUS /ˈfɪŋɡər/

feel or handle with the fingers

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

FortnightlyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtnaɪtli/

occurring every two weeks

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

infuriateverbUS /ˌɪnˈfjʊrieɪt/

make furious

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

instalmentnoun

a part of a broadcast serial

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

internaladjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

issuedverbUS /ˈɪʃuːd/

past form of “issue” — prepare and issue for public distribution or sale

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:

long-designed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:

metricaladjectiveUS /ˈmetrɪkəl/

based on the meter as a standard of measurement

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

pedantsnounUS /ˈpedənts/

plural of “pedant” — a person who pays more attention to formal rules and book learning than they merit

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

ragingadjectiveUS /ˈreɪdʒɪŋ/

characterized by violent and forceful activity or movement; very intense

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

ReviewnounUS /ˌriːˈvjuː/

a new appraisal or evaluation

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

SHAKESPEAREnounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

SocietynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

stagesnounUS /ˈsteɪdʒəz/

plural of “stage” — any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

STUDYnounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

SWINBURNEnoun

English poet (1837-1909)

From this reading A STUDY OF SHAKESPEARE BY ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In a letter to me (January 31, 1875), Swinburne said:

tonenounUS /toʊn/

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

traceableadjectiveUS /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading "I am now at work on my long-designed essay or study on the metrical progress or development of Shakespeare, as traceable by ear and _not_ by finger, and the general changes of tone and stages of mind expressed or involved in this change or progress of style."

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Begun in the winter of 1874, a first instalment of "A Study of Shakespeare" appeared in the _Fortnightly Review_ for May 1875, and a second in the number for June 1876, but the completed work was not issued in book form until June 1880.

writingsnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋz/

the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading The book was produced at the moment when controversy with regard to the internal evidence of composition in the writings attributed to Shakespeare was raging high, and the amusing appendices were added at the last moment that they might infuriate the pedants of the New Shakespeare Society.

Chapter 1 of A Study of Shakespeare by Algernon Charles Swinburne holds 473 sentences, grouped into 95 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of A Study of Shakespeare contain?

Chapter 1 holds 473 sentences of A Study of Shakespeare, unabridged, divided into 95 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of A Study of Shakespeare by Algernon Charles Swinburne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 473 sentences, grouped into 95 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of A Study of Shakespeare?

Work through the 95 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 95 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Study of Shakespeare

Common questions about reading A Study of Shakespeare by Algernon Charles Swinburne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Study of Shakespeare?

Yes. All 1789 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16412 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Study of Shakespeare is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16412, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Study of Shakespeare take to read?

About 149 minutes of reading across 358 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Study of Shakespeare section by section

How to work through A Study of Shakespeare section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of A Study of Shakespeare to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Study of Shakespeare

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Study of Shakespeare, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Study
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Study of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shakespeare
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Study of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Algernon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Study of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Study of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.