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A tragedy of love and hate
A tragedy of love and hate

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of A tragedy of love and hate is here in full — 236 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A tragedy of love and hate
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A WHITE SOUL.
“When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.
I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.
“I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.
“The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A tragedy of love and hate

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of A tragedy of love and hate is here in full — 236 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A WHITE SOUL.
/ə waɪt soʊl/
Line 2
“When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.
Line 3
I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.
Line 4
“I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.
/aɪ hæd ˈnevər ˈɡɪvən ə θɔːt tuː ˈeni mæn ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪkˈsept maɪ oʊn ˈhʌzbənd ˈʃʊrli hiː mʌst noʊ ðæt/
Line 5
“The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bewildered adjective US /bɪˈwɪldərd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading ““When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.”

cruel adjective US /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading “I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.”

Duke noun US /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading ““The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.”

indifferent adjective US /ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt/

marked by a lack of interest

From this reading ““The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.”

jest noun US /dʒest/

a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading “I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.”

Pelham noun US /ˈpeləm/

a bit with a bar mouthpiece that is designed to combine a curb and snaffle

From this reading ““When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.”

playing noun US /ˈpleɪɪŋ/

the act of playing a musical instrument

From this reading “I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.”

senses noun US /ˈsensɪz/

plural of “sens” — street names for marijuana

From this reading ““When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

any man adjective + noun

In this reading ““I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A WHITE SOUL.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

bewilderedadjectiveUS /bɪˈwɪldərd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

indifferentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt/

marked by a lack of interest

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

jestnounUS /dʒest/

a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

Launceston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

PelhamnounUS /ˈpeləm/

a bit with a bar mouthpiece that is designed to combine a curb and snaffle

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

playingnounUS /ˈpleɪɪŋ/

the act of playing a musical instrument

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

sensesnounUS /ˈsensɪz/

plural of “sens” — street names for marijuana

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

sorryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːri/

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

SOULnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading A WHITE SOUL.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading “I had never given a thought to any man living except my own husband; surely he must know that.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading I could not believe it was true--my husband had been playing some sorry, cruel jest upon me; still it was but a jest.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading “The Duke of Launceston! what was he to me--a perfect stranger--indifferent.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading “When I came to my senses,” continued Lady Pelham, “I was more bewildered than anything else.

WHITEnounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading A WHITE SOUL.

Chapter 31 of A tragedy of love and hate by Bertha M. Clay holds 236 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of A tragedy of love and hate contain?

Chapter 31 holds 236 sentences of A tragedy of love and hate, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of A tragedy of love and hate by Bertha M. Clay exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 236 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of A tragedy of love and hate?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A tragedy of love and hate

Common questions about reading A tragedy of love and hate by Bertha M. Clay on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A tragedy of love and hate?

Yes. All 4830 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71769 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A tragedy of love and hate is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #71769, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A tragedy of love and hate take to read?

About 402 minutes of reading across 966 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in A tragedy of love and hate

Words and structures a reader meets early in A tragedy of love and hate, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tragedy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A tragedy of love and hate; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A tragedy of love and hate; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bough
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A tragedy of love and hate; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spreading
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A tragedy of love and hate; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.