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A Victor of Salamis
A Victor of Salamis

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of A Victor of Salamis is here in full — 63 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.
The Barbarian was within five days march of Attica.
The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.
In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.
He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Victor of Salamis

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of A Victor of Salamis is here in full — 63 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.
Line 2
The Barbarian was within five daysmarch of Attica.
/ðə bɑːrˈberiən wɑːz wɪˈðɪn faɪv deɪz mɑːrtʃ ʌv ˈætɪkə/
Line 3
The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.
/ðə əˈθiːniənz mʌst baʊ ðə niː tuː ðə wɜːrld ˈmɑːnɑːrk ɔːr ɡoʊ fɔːrθ ˈeɡzaɪlz frʌm ðer ˈkʌntri/
Line 4
In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.
Line 5
He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allied adjective US /əˈlaɪd/

related by common characteristics or ancestry

From this reading “He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.”

Athenians noun US /əˈθiːniənz/

plural of “athenian” — a resident of Athens

From this reading “The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.”

Attica noun US /ˈætɪkə/

the territory of Athens in ancient Greece where the Ionic dialect was spoken

From this reading “The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.”

Barbarian noun US /bɑːrˈberiən/

a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading “The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.”

evacuation noun US /ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading “THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.”

exiles noun US /ˈeɡzaɪlz/

plural of “exile” — a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country

From this reading “The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.”

Grecian adjective US /ˈɡriːʃən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Greece or the Greeks or the Greek language

From this reading “He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.”

scoffed verb US /skɔːft/

past form of “scoff” — laugh at with contempt and derision

From this reading “THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

alliedadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪd/

related by common characteristics or ancestry

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

AtheniansnounUS /əˈθiːniənz/

plural of “athenian” — a resident of Athens

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

ATHENSnounUS /ˈæθənz/

the capital and largest city of Greece; named after Athena (its patron goddess)

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

AtticanounUS /ˈætɪkə/

the territory of Athens in ancient Greece where the Ionic dialect was spoken

From this reading The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.

BarbariannounUS /bɑːrˈberiən/

a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.

boreverbUS /bɔːr/

cause to be bored

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

bownounUS /baʊ/

a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

couriernounUS /ˈkɜːriər/

a person who carries a message

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

cowardsnounUS /ˈkaʊərdz/

plural of “coward” — a person who shows fear or timidity

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

daredverbUS /derd/

past form of “dare” — take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.

dreadedadjectiveUS /ˈdredɪd/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

Eubœa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

EVACUATIONnounUS /ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

exilesnounUS /ˈeɡzaɪlz/

plural of “exile” — a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

foolsnounUS /fuːlz/

plural of “fool” — a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

GrecianadjectiveUS /ˈɡriːʃən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Greece or the Greeks or the Greek language

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

kneenounUS /niː/

hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

monarchnounUS /ˈmɑːnɑːrk/

a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

returningadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

tending to return to an earlier state

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

scoffedverbUS /skɔːft/

past form of “scoff” — laugh at with contempt and derision

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

Themistoclesnoun

Athenian statesman who persuaded Athens to build a navy and then led it to victory over the Persians (527-460 BC)

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

Thermopylæ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading In the morning after the night of terror came another courier, not this time from Thermopylæ.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF ATHENS It had come at last,—the hour wise men had dreaded, fools had scoffed at, cowards had dared not face.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He bore a letter from Themistocles, who was returning from Eubœa with the whole allied Grecian fleet.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The Barbarian was within five days’ march of Attica.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The Athenians must bow the knee to the world monarch or go forth exiles from their country.

Chapter 23 of A Victor of Salamis by William Stearns Davis holds 63 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of A Victor of Salamis contain?

Chapter 23 holds 63 sentences of A Victor of Salamis, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of A Victor of Salamis by William Stearns Davis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 63 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of A Victor of Salamis?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Victor of Salamis

Common questions about reading A Victor of Salamis by William Stearns Davis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Victor of Salamis?

Yes. All 9333 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27587 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Victor of Salamis is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27587, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Victor of Salamis take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1867 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through A Victor of Salamis section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in A Victor of Salamis

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Victor of Salamis, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Victor of Salamis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Victor of Salamis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wills
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Victor of Salamis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Belshazzar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Victor of Salamis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.