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A Voyage to Spitzbergen
A Voyage to Spitzbergen

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of A Voyage to Spitzbergen is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.
An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”
BY JOHN LAING, SURGEON.
TO JOHN R. M’CULLOCH, ESQ.
THE AUTHOR.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Voyage to Spitzbergen

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of A Voyage to Spitzbergen is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.
Line 2
An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”
Line 3
BY JOHN LAING, SURGEON.
Line 4
TO JOHN R. M’CULLOCH, ESQ.
Line 5
THE AUTHOR.
/ðə ˈɔːθər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Extracts noun US /ˈekstrækts/

plural of “extract” — a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water)

From this reading “An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.””

fisheries noun US /ˈfɪʃəriz/

plural of “fishery” — a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold

From this reading “An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.””

fishery noun US /ˈfɪʃəri/

a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold

From this reading “A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.”

isles noun US /aɪlz/

plural of “isle” — a small island

From this reading “A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.”

polar adjective US /ˈpoʊlər/

having a pair of equal and opposite charges

From this reading “An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.””

shetland noun US /ˈʃetlənd/

an archipelago of about 100 islands in the North Atlantic off the north coast of Scotland

From this reading “A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.”

variation noun US /ˌveriˈeɪʃən/

an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading “An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.””

zoology noun US /zoʊˈɑːlədʒi/

all the animal life in a particular region or period

From this reading “A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Extracts from verb + particle counted as “extract from”

In this reading “An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.””

CONTAINING AN Account verb + article + noun counted as “contain … account”

In this reading “A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.”

All words in this reading · 45

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

AccountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

AMERICANnounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading THE AUTHOR.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading BY JOHN LAING, SURGEON.

cnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

COMPASSnounUS /ˈkʌmpəs/

navigational instrument for finding directions

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

CONTAININGverbUS /kənˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

CountrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

DUTCHadjectiveUS /dʌtʃ/

of or relating to the Netherlands or its people or culture

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

ENGLISHnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

ESQnoun

a title of respect for a member of the English gentry ranking just below a knight; placed after the name

From this reading TO JOHN R. M’CULLOCH, ESQ.

ExtractsnounUS /ˈekstrækts/

plural of “extract” — a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water)

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

FISHERIESnounUS /ˈfɪʃəriz/

plural of “fishery” — a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

FISHERYnounUS /ˈfɪʃəri/

a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

HistoricaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

ICEnounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

ImportantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

ISLESnounUS /aɪlz/

plural of “isle” — a small island

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading BY JOHN LAING, SURGEON.

LAING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BY JOHN LAING, SURGEON.

M'CULLOCH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TO JOHN R. M’CULLOCH, ESQ.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

NORTHnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

ObservationsnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

PapernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

POLARadjectiveUS /ˈpoʊlər/

having a pair of equal and opposite charges

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

RnounUS /ɑːr/

a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air

From this reading TO JOHN R. M’CULLOCH, ESQ.

SCORESBY'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

SHETLANDnounUS /ˈʃetlənd/

an archipelago of about 100 islands in the North Atlantic off the north coast of Scotland

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

SPITZBERGENnoun

islands in the Svalbard archipelago to the east of northern Greenland; belonging to Norway

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

SURGEONnounUS /ˈsɜːrdʒən/

a physician who specializes in surgery

From this reading BY JOHN LAING, SURGEON.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

VARIATIONnounUS /ˌveriˈeɪʃən/

an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading An Historical Account of the DUTCH, ENGLISH, and AMERICAN WHALE FISHERIES; some Important Observations on the VARIATION OF THE COMPASS, &c.; and some Extracts from Mr. SCORESBY’S Paper on “POLAR ICE.”

VOYAGEnounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

WHALEnounUS /weɪl/

a very large person; impressive in size or qualities

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

ZOOLOGYnounUS /zoʊˈɑːlədʒi/

all the animal life in a particular region or period

From this reading A VOYAGE TO SPITZBERGEN; CONTAINING AN Account of that Country, OF THE ZOOLOGY OF THE NORTH; OF THE SHETLAND ISLES; AND OF THE WHALE FISHERY.

Chapter 1 of A Voyage to Spitzbergen by John (Surgeon) Laing holds 403 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of A Voyage to Spitzbergen contain?

Chapter 1 holds 403 sentences of A Voyage to Spitzbergen, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of A Voyage to Spitzbergen by John (Surgeon) Laing exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 403 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of A Voyage to Spitzbergen?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Voyage to Spitzbergen

Common questions about reading A Voyage to Spitzbergen by John (Surgeon) Laing on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Voyage to Spitzbergen?

Yes. All 1627 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51131 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Voyage to Spitzbergen is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51131, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Voyage to Spitzbergen take to read?

About 135 minutes of reading across 326 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Voyage to Spitzbergen section by section

How to work through A Voyage to Spitzbergen section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of A Voyage to Spitzbergen to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Voyage to Spitzbergen

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Voyage to Spitzbergen, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Voyage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Voyage to Spitzbergen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spitzbergen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Voyage to Spitzbergen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Containing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Voyage to Spitzbergen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Account
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Voyage to Spitzbergen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.