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A winter in retirement
A winter in retirement

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of A winter in retirement is here in full — 80 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A winter in retirement
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?
Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.
With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.
In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.
Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A winter in retirement

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of A winter in retirement is here in full — 80 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?
/ˈɡlɔːri ðə ˈɡlɔːri ʌv ðə wɜːrld ɪts ˈtraɪəmfs ənd ɪts praɪd wʌt ɑːr ɪts ˈfliːtɪŋ ˈɑːnərz wɜːrθ/
Line 2
Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.
/ˈmiːtɪŋ əˈɡen æt ˈiːvnɪŋ ənd iːtʃ ˈbiːɪŋ enˈɡeɪdʒd ɪn sʌm ˈjuːsfəl ˌævəˈkeɪʃən ˈhɜːrbərt kənˈtɪnjuːd ðer kɔːrs ʌv ˈriːdɪŋ ðə teɪl ʌv ðə ˈɜːrli ˈkrɪstʃənz/
Line 3
With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.
Line 4
In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.
Line 5
Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

avocation noun US /ˌævəˈkeɪʃən/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading “Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.”

countenances noun US /ˈkaʊntənənsɪz/

plural of “countenance” — the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading “With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.”

downfall noun US /ˈdaʊnfɔːl/

failure that results in a loss of position or reputation

From this reading “Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.”

impotent adjective US /ˈɪmpətənt/

lacking power or ability

From this reading “Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.”

mutilating verb US /ˈmjuːtəleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “mutilate” — destroy or injure severely

From this reading “Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.”

Nero noun US /ˈnɪroʊ/

Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Roman Empire remained prosperous during his rule (37-68)

From this reading “Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.”

transpiring adjective US /trænˈspaɪərɪŋ/

that is passing through

From this reading “In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.”

venting noun US /ˈventɪŋ/

the act of venting

From this reading “Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

impotent rage adjective + noun

In this reading “Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.”

idle curiosity adjective + noun

In this reading “In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.”

deeply injured adverb + adjective

In this reading “Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.”

mingled with verb + particle counted as “mingle with”

In this reading “In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.”

hasty step adjective + noun

In this reading “With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.”

through the streets preposition + article + noun counted as “through … street”

In this reading “With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

animatedadjectiveUS /ˈænəmeɪtɪd/

having life or vigor or spirit

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

avocationnounUS /ˌævəˈkeɪʃən/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

ChristiansnounUS /ˈkrɪstʃənz/

plural of “christian” — a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

countenancesnounUS /ˈkaʊntənənsɪz/

plural of “countenance” — the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

curiositynounUS /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/

a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

debauchedadjective

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

decoratedadjectiveUS /ˈdekəreɪtɪd/

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

downcastadjectiveUS /ˈdaʊnkæst/

directed downward

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

downfallnounUS /ˈdaʊnfɔːl/

failure that results in a loss of position or reputation

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

emotionsnounUS /ɪˈmoʊʃənz/

plural of “emotion” — any strong feeling

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

Flavius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

fleetingadjectiveUS /ˈfliːtɪŋ/

lasting for a markedly brief time

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

garlands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

gesturenounUS /ˈdʒestʃər/

motion of hands or body to emphasize or help to express a thought or feeling

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

GlorynounUS /ˈɡlɔːri/

a state of high honor

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

hastyadjectiveUS /ˈheɪsti/

excessively quick

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

HerbertnounUS /ˈhɜːrbərt/

United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

honorsnounUS /ˈɑːnərz/

plural of “honor” — a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

idleadjectiveUS /ˈaɪdəl/

not in action or at work

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

impotentadjectiveUS /ˈɪmpətənt/

lacking power or ability

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

indifferencenounUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfərəns/

unbiased impartial unconcern

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

infamousadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfəməs/

known widely and usually unfavorably

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

injuredadjectiveUS /ˈɪndʒərd/

harmed

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

lamentedadjectiveUS /ləˈmentɪd/

mourned or grieved for

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

Lucius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

MeetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

mingledverbUS /ˈmɪŋɡəld/

past form of “mingle” — to bring or combine together or with something else

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

mutilatingverbUS /ˈmjuːtəleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “mutilate” — destroy or injure severely

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

NeronounUS /ˈnɪroʊ/

Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Roman Empire remained prosperous during his rule (37-68)

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

patronnounUS /ˈpeɪtrən/

a regular customer

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

pleasuresnounUS /ˈpleʒərz/

plural of “pleasure” — a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

proclaimedadjectiveUS /proʊˈkleɪmd/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

protectingadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪŋ/

shielding (or designed to shield) against harm or discomfort

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

pursuednounUS /pərˈsuːd/

a person who is being chased

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

ragenounUS /reɪdʒ/

a feeling of intense anger

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

stareverbUS /ster/

look at with fixed eyes

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

statuesnounUS /ˈstætʃuːz/

plural of “statue” — a sculpture representing a human or animal

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

tearingnounUS /ˈterɪŋ/

shedding tears

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

throngedadjectiveUS /θrɔːŋd/

filled with great numbers crowded together

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

tracedverbUS /treɪst/

past form of “trace” — follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

transpiringadjectiveUS /trænˈspaɪərɪŋ/

that is passing through

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

triumphantadjectiveUS /traɪˈʌmfənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

triumphsnounUS /ˈtraɪəmfs/

plural of “triumph” — a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

tyrantnounUS /ˈtaɪrənt/

a cruel and oppressive dictator

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading Meeting again at evening, and each being engaged in some useful avocation, Herbert continued their course of reading the tale of the early Christians.

vacantadjectiveUS /ˈveɪkənt/

void of intelligence or thought

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

vengeancenounUS /ˈvendʒəns/

the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

ventingnounUS /ˈventɪŋ/

the act of venting

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Here stood a group whose debauched features and downcast expression proclaimed that they were companions of the infamous pleasures of Nero, and that in his downfall they lamented the loss of a protecting patron, and there, a crowd, who having been deeply injured by the tyrant, were venting their impotent rage by mutilating his statues, and tearing down the garlands which had decorated them.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With a hasty step Lucius Flavius pursued his way through the streets of the city, thronged with persons of every rank and degree, on whose countenances might be traced emotions of every different kind.

wonderingadjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərɪŋ/

showing curiosity

From this reading In some, the wondering stare of idle curiosity mingled with the vacant look of indifference as to what events were transpiring; in others, the animated glance of triumphant success, with the look and gesture of determined vengeance.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading Glory, the glory of the world, its triumphs and its pride What are its fleeting honors worth?

Chapter 11 of A winter in retirement by Hannah Blaney Washburn holds 80 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of A winter in retirement contain?

Chapter 11 holds 80 sentences of A winter in retirement, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of A winter in retirement by Hannah Blaney Washburn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 80 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of A winter in retirement?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A winter in retirement

Common questions about reading A winter in retirement by Hannah Blaney Washburn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A winter in retirement?

Yes. All 1484 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #72811 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A winter in retirement is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #72811, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A winter in retirement take to read?

About 123 minutes of reading across 297 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A winter in retirement section by section

How to work through A winter in retirement section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of A winter in retirement to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A winter in retirement

Words and structures a reader meets early in A winter in retirement, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ocean
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A winter in retirement; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sounding
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A winter in retirement; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A winter in retirement; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Though
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A winter in retirement; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.