Chapter XII

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

a mythical Greek hero of the Iliad

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

(Greek mythology) the king of Mycenae and father of Agamemnon and of Menelaus

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

have

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

next to; at the side of

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

the ritual placing of a corpse in a grave

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

put or send forth

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

the driver of a chariot

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

plural of “comrade” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

a small fast lightly armored but heavily armed warship

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

apart from; not including

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

an old form of “has”

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

(Greek mythology) a mythical Trojan who was killed by Achilles during the Trojan War

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

at the same time but in another place

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

(Greek mythology) the king of Sparta at the time of the Trojan War; brother of Agamemnon; husband of Helen

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

third-person singular of “mourn” — feel sadness

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

(Greek mythology) a friend of Achilles who was killed in the Trojan War; his death led Achilles to return to the fight after his quarrel with Agamemnon

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

the act of searching for something

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

an old form of “shall”, used with “thou”

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

a protective covering or structure

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

a male human offspring

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

inflected form of “spy” — catch sight of

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

be standing; be upright

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!

plural of “steed” — (literary) a spirited horse for state of war

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He was spied by Euphorbus, brother of that Hyperenor who had fallen by Menelaus’ hand the day before.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

(Greek mythology) one of the 50 Nereids; mother of Achilles by Peleus

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

up to a particular time

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Thou shalt not give honorable burial to this destroyer who hath slain so many of us.

(Roman mythology) god of fire and metal working; counterpart of Greek Hephaestus

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

which person or people

From this reading Meanwhile the space about Patroclus’ body was deserted except for Menelaus, who stood guard beside it, covering it with his shield until some of his comrades should come up to bear it away to the ships.

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Fight for Patroclus’ Body—Achilles Mourns for His Fallen Friend—Thetis and Vulcan—Achilles’ Shield Hector next roved about seeking to capture the splendid steeds of Achilles with which Patroclus had entered the field, but he could not come near them, for Patroclus’ charioteer, Automedon, was already far distant.

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading He approached within a spear’s cast and called to him: “Son of Atreus, stand back from the dead!