Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Across the Vatna Jökull
Across the Vatna Jökull

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Across the Vatna Jökull is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Across the Vatna Jökull
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.
Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.
There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.
It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.
Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Across the Vatna Jökull

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Across the Vatna Jökull is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.
/ðə ˈvæli kənˈteɪnz ðə ˈfaɪnəst wʊd aɪ hæv siːn ɪn ðə ˈaɪlənd kənˈsɪstɪŋ ʌv ə θɪk ɡroʊθ ʌv bɜːrtʃ ənd ˈwɪloʊ ɪn ˈmeni ˈpleɪsəz əˈteɪnɪŋ tuː ðə haɪt ʌv ˈθɜːrdiː ɔːr ˈfɔːrti fiːt/
Line 2
Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.
Line 3
There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.
/ðer wɜːr ˈɔːlsoʊ tuː diːp pɪts fɪld wɪð ˈwɔːtər ðæt əˈpɪrd tuː hæv bɪn ˈhɑːloʊd aʊt baɪ ðə ˈwɔːtərfɔːlz wɪtʃ ɪn ðə sprɪŋ ˈempti ðemˈselvz ˈɪntuː ðem/
Line 4
It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ˈbjuːtəfəl deɪ ənd ðə ˈfreɪɡrənt bɜːrtʃ riˈmaɪndɪd miː ʌv ˈmeni ə ˈɡlɔːriəs ˈræmbəl ɪn nɔːrθ west əˈmerəkə/
Line 5
Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attaining verb US /əˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “attain” — to gain with effort

From this reading “The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.”

cascades noun US /kæˈskeɪdz/

a mountain range in the northwestern United States extending through Washington and Oregon and northern California; a part of the Coast Range

From this reading “Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.”

hollowed verb US /ˈhɑːloʊd/

past form of “hollow” — remove the inner part or the core of

From this reading “There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.”

pits noun US /pɪts/

plural of “pit” — a sizeable hole (usually in the ground)

From this reading “There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.”

ramble verb US /ˈræmbəl/

continue talking or writing in a desultory manner

From this reading “It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.”

supervision noun US /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

From this reading “Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.”

trickled verb US /ˈtrɪkəld/

past form of “trickle” — run or flow slowly, as in drops or in an unsteady stream

From this reading “Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.”

waterfalls noun US /ˈwɔːtərfɔːlz/

plural of “waterfall” — a steep descent of the water of a river

From this reading “There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

thick growth adjective + noun

In this reading “The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.”

under the supervision preposition + article + noun counted as “under … supervision”

In this reading “Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.”

streams flowed noun + noun counted as “stream flow”

In this reading “Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.”

forty feet adjective + noun counted as “forty foot”

In this reading “The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.”

deep pits adjective + noun counted as “deep pit”

In this reading “There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.”

consisting of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.”

over the cliffs preposition + article + noun counted as “over … cliff”

In this reading “Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.”

south end noun + noun

In this reading “Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.”

All words in this reading · 122

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

attainingverbUS /əˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “attain” — to gain with effort

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

awakeningnounUS /əˈweɪkənɪŋ/

the act of waking

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

birchnounUS /bɜːrtʃ/

hard close-grained wood of any of various birch trees; used especially in furniture and interior finishes and plywood

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

bivouacked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

cascadesnounUS /kæˈskeɪdz/

a mountain range in the northwestern United States extending through Washington and Oregon and northern California; a part of the Coast Range

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

cliffsnounUS /klɪfs/

plural of “cliff” — a steep high face of rock

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

consistingverbUS /kənˈsɪstɪŋ/

-ing form of “consist” — originate

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

cookedadjectiveUS /kʊkt/

having been prepared for eating by the application of heat

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

echoesnounUS /ˈekoʊz/

plural of “echo” — the repetition of a sound resulting from reflection of the sound waves

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

emptyverbUS /ˈempti/

make void or empty of contents

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

enjoyingverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

feebleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːbəl/

pathetically lacking in force or effectiveness

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

finestadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəst/

superlative of “fine” — being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

flowedverbUS /floʊd/

past form of “flow” — move or progress freely as if in a stream

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

formingverbUS /ˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

-ing form of “form” — create (as an entity)

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

fortyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrti/

being ten more than thirty

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

fragrantadjectiveUS /ˈfreɪɡrənt/

pleasant-smelling

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

gloriousadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɔːriəs/

having or deserving or conferring glory

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

guidesnounUS /ɡaɪdz/

plural of “guide” — someone employed to conduct others

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

hoarseadjectiveUS /hɔːrs/

deep and harsh sounding as if from shouting or illness or emotion

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

hollowedverbUS /ˈhɑːloʊd/

past form of “hollow” — remove the inner part or the core of

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

homewardadverbUS /ˈhoʊmwərd/

toward home

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

informedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmd/

having much knowledge or education

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

lambnounUS /læm/

young sheep

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

magnificentadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/

characterized by grandeur

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

mealnounUS /miːl/

the food served and eaten at one time

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

pitsnounUS /pɪts/

plural of “pit” — a sizeable hole (usually in the ground)

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

rambleverbUS /ˈræmbəl/

continue talking or writing in a desultory manner

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

remindedverbUS /riˈmaɪndɪd/

past form of “remind” — put in the mind of someone

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

shoutedadjectiveUS /ˈʃaʊtɪd/

in a vehement outcry

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

slumbered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

streamsnounUS /striːmz/

plural of “stream” — a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

supervisionnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

trickledverbUS /ˈtrɪkəld/

past form of “trickle” — run or flow slowly, as in drops or in an unsteady stream

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

water-courses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

waterfallsnounUS /ˈwɔːtərfɔːlz/

plural of “waterfall” — a steep descent of the water of a river

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading It was a beautiful day, and the fragrant birch reminded me of many a glorious ramble in North West America.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

willownounUS /ˈwɪloʊ/

any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There were also two deep pits filled with water, that appeared to have been hollowed out by the waterfalls which in the spring empty themselves into them.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading The valley contains the finest wood I have seen in the island, consisting of a thick growth of birch and willow, in many places attaining to the height of thirty or forty feet.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading Our guides informed us that in the spring time large streams flowed over the cliffs at the south end of the valley, forming magnificent cascades; and we noticed that in three places they had worn water-courses for themselves, over which there now trickled only a feeble stream.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Here we bivouacked, and cooked our lamb to a turn, under the supervision of our lady friend, and after enjoying the meal we shouted ourselves almost hoarse in awakening the echoes which probably had slumbered for years in the old grey cliffs, so it was not until ten in the evening that we started on our homeward journey.

Chapter 3 of Across the Vatna Jökull by William Lord Watts holds 409 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Across the Vatna Jökull contain?

Chapter 3 holds 409 sentences of Across the Vatna Jökull, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Across the Vatna Jökull by William Lord Watts exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 409 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Across the Vatna Jökull?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Across the Vatna Jökull

Common questions about reading Across the Vatna Jökull by William Lord Watts on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Across the Vatna Jökull?

Yes. All 1356 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62282 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Across the Vatna Jökull is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #62282, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Across the Vatna Jökull take to read?

About 113 minutes of reading across 272 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Across the Vatna Jökull section by section

How to work through Across the Vatna Jökull section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 3 chapters of Across the Vatna Jökull to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Across the Vatna Jökull

Words and structures a reader meets early in Across the Vatna Jökull, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across the Vatna Jökull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across the Vatna Jökull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across the Vatna Jökull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Footnote
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across the Vatna Jökull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.