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Across Unknown South America
Across Unknown South America

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Across Unknown South America is here in full — 370 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/74 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.
It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.
Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).
On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.
Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Across Unknown South America

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Across Unknown South America is here in full — 370 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/74 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.
Line 2
It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.
/ɪt hæd ə fjuː ˈrelətɪvli faɪn ˈeɪn.ʃənt ˈbɪldɪŋz ənd ˈmeni ˈʌɡli nuː wʌnz/
Line 3
Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).
Line 4
On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.
Line 5
Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Amazon noun US /ˈæməzɑːn/

a large strong and aggressive woman

From this reading “Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.”

Belem noun US /ˌbeˈlem/

port city in northern Brazil in the Amazon delta; main port and commercial center for the Amazon River basin

From this reading “Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.”

emerged verb US /ɪˈmɜːrdʒd/

past form of “emerge” — come out into view, as from concealment

From this reading “On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.”

gale noun US /ɡeɪl/

a strong wind moving 45-90 knots; force 7 to 10 on Beaufort scale

From this reading “On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.”

November noun US /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading “Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).”

Para noun US /ˈperə/

(obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered

From this reading “Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.”

relatively adverb US /ˈrelətɪvli/

in a relative manner; by comparison to something else

From this reading “It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.”

settlement noun US /ˈsetəlmənt/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading “Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

6th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

AmazonnounUS /ˈæməzɑːn/

a large strong and aggressive woman

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

BelemnounUS /ˌbeˈlem/

port city in northern Brazil in the Amazon delta; main port and commercial center for the Amazon River basin

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

buildingsnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋz/

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

emergedverbUS /ɪˈmɜːrdʒd/

past form of “emerge” — come out into view, as from concealment

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

galenounUS /ɡeɪl/

a strong wind moving 45-90 knots; force 7 to 10 on Beaufort scale

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

imaginedverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒənd/

past form of “imagine” — form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

Madeira-Mamore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

Manaos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

north-easterly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

oneself

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

ParanounUS /ˈperə/

(obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

proceededverbUS /prəˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “proceed” — continue talking

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

RailwaynounUS /ˈreɪlweɪ/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

relativelyadverbUS /ˈrelətɪvli/

in a relative manner; by comparison to something else

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

Santarem

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

settlementnounUS /ˈsetəlmənt/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

steamernounUS /ˈstiːmər/

a clam that is usually steamed in the shell

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

tossedverbUS /tɔːst/

past form of “toss” — throw or toss with a light motion

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

uglyadjectiveUS /ˈʌɡli/

displeasing to the senses

From this reading It had a few relatively fine ancient buildings and many ugly new ones.

UnlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Santarem to Belem (Para)--The Amazon--From Belem to Manaos--The Madeira-Mamore Railway SANTAREM was an old settlement of no great interest.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Early on November 6th the steamer proceeded on her way to Belem (Para).

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading On leaving Santarem we first emerged into the great Amazon River, a regular sea of fresh water, where we tossed about in a strong north-easterly gale.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Unless one knew, one never could have imagined oneself on a river, as the stream was so wide at that point that the opposite bank could not be seen at all.

Chapter 21 of Across Unknown South America by Arnold Henry Savage Landor holds 370 sentences, grouped into 74 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Across Unknown South America contain?

Chapter 21 holds 370 sentences of Across Unknown South America, unabridged, divided into 74 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Across Unknown South America by Arnold Henry Savage Landor exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 370 sentences, grouped into 74 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Across Unknown South America?

Work through the 74 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 74 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Across Unknown South America

Common questions about reading Across Unknown South America by Arnold Henry Savage Landor on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Across Unknown South America?

Yes. All 11481 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #22483 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Across Unknown South America is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #22483, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Across Unknown South America take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2297 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Across Unknown South America section by section

How to work through Across Unknown South America section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Across Unknown South America to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Across Unknown South America

Words and structures a reader meets early in Across Unknown South America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Swampy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across Unknown South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Valley--impressive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across Unknown South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scenery--
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across Unknown South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Church
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Across Unknown South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.