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Adam Hepburn's Vow
Adam Hepburn's Vow

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Adam Hepburn's Vow is here in full — 456 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Adam Hepburn's Vow
Context Illustration Reading 1/91 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.
*CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.
The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.
The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.
Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Adam Hepburn's Vow

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Adam Hepburn's Vow is here in full — 456 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/91 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.
Line 2
*CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.
Line 3
The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.
Line 4
The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.
/ðə rɪtʃ hjuːz ʌv ˈɔːtəm wɜːr naʊ əˈpɑːn ðə triːz/
Line 5
Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Beech noun US /biːtʃ/

any of several large deciduous trees with rounded spreading crowns and smooth grey bark and small sweet edible triangular nuts enclosed in burs; north temperate regions

From this reading “Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.”

blackberry noun US /ˈblækberi/

large sweet black or very dark purple edible aggregate fruit of any of various bushes of the genus Rubus

From this reading “Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.”

bramble noun US /ˈbræmbəl/

any of various rough thorny shrubs or vines

From this reading “Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.”

foretelling noun US /fɔːrˈtelɪŋ/

a statement made about the future

From this reading “The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.”

hues noun US /hjuːz/

plural of “hue” — the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength

From this reading “The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.”

luscious adjective US /ˈlʌʃɪs/

having strong sexual appeal

From this reading “Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.”

nooks noun US /nʊks/

plural of “nook” — a sheltered and secluded place

From this reading “Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.”

raspberry noun US /ˈræzberi/

woody brambles bearing usually red but sometimes black or yellow fruits that separate from the receptacle when ripe and are rounder and smaller than blackberries

From this reading “Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

too late adverb + adjective

In this reading “These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.”

gentle rain adjective + noun

In this reading “The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.”

on the horizon preposition + article + noun counted as “on … horizon”

In this reading “The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.”

lay upon verb + particle

In this reading “*CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.”

in the summer preposition + article + noun counted as “in … summer”

In this reading “The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.”

approach of verb + particle

In this reading “The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

BeechnounUS /biːtʃ/

any of several large deciduous trees with rounded spreading crowns and smooth grey bark and small sweet edible triangular nuts enclosed in burs; north temperate regions

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

BETRAYEDverbUS /bɪˈtreɪd/

past form of “betray” — reveal unintentionally

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

blackberrynounUS /ˈblækberi/

large sweet black or very dark purple edible aggregate fruit of any of various bushes of the genus Rubus

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

boughnounUS /baʊ/

any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

bramblenounUS /ˈbræmbəl/

any of various rough thorny shrubs or vines

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

chaff-hole

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

CHAPTERnounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

cloudlessly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

cunningadjectiveUS /ˈkʌnɪŋ/

attractive especially by means of smallness or prettiness or quaintness

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

dove-coloured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

foretellingnounUS /fɔːrˈtelɪŋ/

a statement made about the future

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

hazel-nuts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

horizonnounUS /hərˈaɪzən/

the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

huesnounUS /hjuːz/

plural of “hue” — the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength

From this reading The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

Inverburn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

lusciousadjectiveUS /ˈlʌʃɪs/

having strong sexual appeal

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

Martha

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

mildadjectiveUS /maɪld/

moderate in type or degree or effect or force; far from extreme

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

MillernounUS /ˈmɪlər/

United States bandleader of a popular big band (1909-1944)

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

nooksnounUS /nʊks/

plural of “nook” — a sheltered and secluded place

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

penetratedverbUS /ˈpenətreɪtɪd/

past form of “penetrate” — pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

piledverbUS /paɪld/

past form of “pile” — arrange in stacks

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

plentifuladjectiveUS /ˈplentəfəl/

existing in great number or quantity

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

precautionsnounUS /priˈkɔːʃənz/

plural of “precaution” — a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

radiancenounUS /ˈreɪdiːəns/

the amount of electromagnetic radiation leaving or arriving at a point on a surface

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

raspberrynounUS /ˈræzberi/

woody brambles bearing usually red but sometimes black or yellow fruits that separate from the receptacle when ripe and are rounder and smaller than blackberries

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.

ripelyadverb

with mature or developed appearance

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

rowans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

shelteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃeltərd/

protected from danger or bad weather

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The rich hues of autumn were now upon the trees.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

valenounUS /veɪl/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The sky, though not so cloudlessly blue as in the summer time, was bright and clear, and masses of soft, dove-coloured clouds were piled up on the horizon, foretelling the approach of a gentle rain.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These precautions, however, were taken too late; for already the cunning eyes of Martha Miller had penetrated the secret of the chaff-hole.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading Beech and hazel-nuts were already falling ripely to the ground, the rowans hung rich and red among their graceful leaves, blackberry and wild raspberry were plentiful and luscious, and in very sheltered early nooks the bramble was black upon the bough.

XIVnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading *CHAPTER XIV.* *BETRAYED.* The soft and beautiful radiance of a mild September morning lay upon the vale of Inverburn.

Chapter 4 of Adam Hepburn's Vow by Annie S. Swan holds 456 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Adam Hepburn's Vow contain?

Chapter 4 holds 456 sentences of Adam Hepburn's Vow, unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Adam Hepburn's Vow by Annie S. Swan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 456 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Adam Hepburn's Vow?

Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 92 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Adam Hepburn's Vow

Common questions about reading Adam Hepburn's Vow by Annie S. Swan on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Adam Hepburn's Vow?

Yes. All 2731 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46966 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Adam Hepburn's Vow is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46966, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Adam Hepburn's Vow take to read?

About 227 minutes of reading across 547 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Adam Hepburn's Vow section by section

How to work through Adam Hepburn's Vow section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Adam Hepburn's Vow to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Adam Hepburn's Vow

Words and structures a reader meets early in Adam Hepburn's Vow, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Travellers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adam Hepburn's Vow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adam Hepburn's Vow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Testimony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adam Hepburn's Vow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forebodings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adam Hepburn's Vow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.