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Adonais
Adonais

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Adonais is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.
It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'
It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.
On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.
To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Adonais

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Adonais is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.
Line 2
It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'
Line 3
It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.
Line 4
On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.
/ɑːn ðiːz ɡraʊndz ɪt kleɪmd ə ˈriːzənəbəl ˈprefərəns ˈoʊvər ɔːl hɪz ˈʌðər ˈpoʊəmz fɔːr ðə ˈprezənt ˈmeθəd ʌv ˈtriːtmənt ˌɔːlˈðoʊ sʌm ˈstuːdənts ʌv ˈʃeli ˌmaɪˈself ˌɪnˈkluːdəd maɪt biː dɪˈspoʊzd tuː meɪnˈteɪn ðæt ɪn pɔɪnt ʌv ˈæbsəluːt ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪk ˈbjuːti ənd əˈtʃiːvmənt ənd ʌv ðə ˈkwɑːlətiz moʊst əˈspeʃli ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk ʌv ɪts ˈɔːθər ɪt ɪz nɑːt suːˈpɪriər ɔːr ˌɪnˈdiːd ɪz bʌt ˈberli ˈiːkwəl tuː sʌm ʌv hɪz ˈʌðər ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃənz/
Line 5
To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

achievement noun US /əˈtʃiːvmənt/

the action of accomplishing something

From this reading “On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.”

approaches noun US /əˈproʊtʃəz/

plural of “approach” — ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation

From this reading “It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'”

Atlas noun US /ˈætləs/

(Greek mythology) a Titan who was forced by Zeus to bear the sky on his shoulders

autobiographical adjective US /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading “It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.”

biographical adjective US /ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or being biography

From this reading “It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.”

compositions noun US /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “composition” — the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading “On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.”

intrinsic adjective US /ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/

belonging to a thing by its very nature

From this reading “On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.”

Keats noun US /kiːts/

Englishman and romantic poet (1795-1821)

From this reading “It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

abstractverbUS /æbˈstrækt/

consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

achievementnounUS /əˈtʃiːvmənt/

the action of accomplishing something

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

Adonais

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

approachesnounUS /əˈproʊtʃəz/

plural of “approach” — ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

AtlasnounUS /ˈætləs/

(Greek mythology) a Titan who was forced by Zeus to bear the sky on his shoulders

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

autobiographicaladjectiveUS /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

barelyadverbUS /ˈberli/

only a very short time before

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

biographicaladjectiveUS /ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or being biography

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/

past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

Clarendon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

classicaladjectiveUS /ˈklæsɪkəl/

of or relating to the first significant period of a civilization, culture, area of study, etc.

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

compositionsnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “composition” — the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

convenientadjectiveUS /kənˈviːnjənt/

suited to your comfort or purpose or needs

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

countverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

decidedlyadverbUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdədli/

without question and beyond doubt

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

disposedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspoʊzd/

having made preparations

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

elevatedadjectiveUS /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

Epipsychidion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

idealadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

includedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdəd/

enclosed in the same envelope or package

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

intrinsicadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/

belonging to a thing by its very nature

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

KeatsnounUS /kiːts/

Englishman and romantic poet (1795-1821)

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

maintainverbUS /meɪnˈteɪn/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

minoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

nearestadverbUS /ˈnɪrəst/

(superlative of “near” or “close”) within the shortest distance

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

preferencenounUS /ˈprefərəns/

a strong liking

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

qualitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːlətiz/

plural of “quality” — an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

reasonableadjectiveUS /ˈriːzənəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

sentimentnounUS /ˈsentəmənt/

tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

SeriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

ShelleynounUS /ˈʃeli/

English writer who created Frankenstein's monster and married Percy Bysshe Shelley (1797-1851)

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

studentsnounUS /ˈstuːdənts/

plural of “student” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading It is elevated in sentiment, classical in form,--in substance, biographical in relation to Keats, and in some minor degree autobiographical for Shelley himself.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

superioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is a poem of convenient length for such a purpose, being neither short nor decidedly long; and--leaving out of count some of the short poems--is the one by this author which approaches nearest to being 'popular.'

treatmentnounUS /ˈtriːtmənt/

care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)

From this reading On these grounds it claimed a reasonable preference over all his other poems, for the present method of treatment; although some students of Shelley, myself included, might be disposed to maintain that, in point of absolute intrinsic beauty and achievement, and of the qualities most especially characteristic of its author, it is not superior, or indeed is but barely equal, to some of his other compositions.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

WitchnounUS /wɪtʃ/

a female sorcerer or magician

From this reading To take, for instance, two poems not very different in length from _Adonais_--_The Witch of Atlas_ is more original, and _Epipsychidion_ more abstract in ideal.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading _Adonais_ is the first writing by Shelley which has been included in the _Clarendon Press Series_.

Chapter 1 of Adonais by Percy Bysshe Shelley holds 427 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Adonais contain?

Chapter 1 holds 427 sentences of Adonais, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Adonais by Percy Bysshe Shelley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 427 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Adonais?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Adonais

Common questions about reading Adonais by Percy Bysshe Shelley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Adonais?

Yes. All 2490 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #10119 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Adonais is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #10119, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Adonais take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 498 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Adonais section by section

How to work through Adonais section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Adonais to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Adonais

Words and structures a reader meets early in Adonais, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Adonais
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adonais; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adonais; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adonais; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shelley
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adonais; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.