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Adrian Savage: A Novel
Adrian Savage: A Novel

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Adrian Savage: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.
The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.
Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.
But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.
Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Adrian Savage: A Novel

Chapter I

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.
Line 2
The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.
Line 3
Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.
Line 4
But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.
Line 5
Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.”

Observation noun US /ˈobservation/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.”

Understand noun US /understand/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

altogether

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

artist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

ask

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

book

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

characters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

circumstances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

claim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

coherence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

composite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

depend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

direct

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

dramatic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

episodes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

Exactly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

exclusively

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

fiction

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

general

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

human

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

imagination

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

individual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

invention

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

kindly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

nature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

necessity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

observationnounUS /ˈobservation/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

opinion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

photographs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

play

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

portrays

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

proportion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

readers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

rely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

scene

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

scientific

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

sense

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

shaping

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading But, for the shaping of individual characters out of the said types, he should, in my opinion, rely exclusively upon his imagination and his sense of dramatic coherence.

sincere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

social

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

student

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

study

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

supplied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

true

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Exactly in proportion as he does this can he claim to be a true artist.

types

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

understandnounUS /understand/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The characters it portrays, their circumstances and the episodes in which they play a part, are my own invention.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Every sincere and scientific student of human nature and the social scene must, of necessity, depend upon direct observation of life for his general types--the said types being the composite photographs with which study and observation have supplied him.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I will ask my readers kindly to understand that this book is altogether a work of fiction.