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Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack
Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.
Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.
A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.
I walked over it as I did in April.
"Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.
Line 2
Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.
Line 3
A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.
/ə ɡeɪl hæd swept əˈweɪ ðə luːs ˈfliːsi drɪfts ʌv ðə ˈfɔːrtnaɪt bɪˈfɔːr ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ ðə fəˈmɪljər ˈsɜːrfəs ʌv ðə ˈoʊldər snoʊ/
Line 4
I walked over it as I did in April.
/aɪ wɔːkt ˈoʊvər ɪt æz aɪ dɪd ɪn ˈeɪprəl/
Line 5
"Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.
/ˈriːtʃɪŋ ðə siːt ʌv ðə ˈoʊ.pən ˈwɔːtər tuː ðə ˈnɔːrθwərd aɪ faʊnd ɪt kloʊzd baɪ jʌŋ aɪs æn ɪkˈstensɪv ˈsɜːrfəs freɪl ənd ənˈseɪf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

drifts noun US /drɪfts/

plural of “drift” — a force that moves something along

From this reading “A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.”

exposing verb US /ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ/

-ing form of “expose” — expose or make accessible to some action or influence

From this reading “A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.”

fleecy adjective US /ˈfliːsi/

(of fabrics) having soft nap produced by brushing

From this reading “A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.”

frail adjective US /freɪl/

physically weak

From this reading “"Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.”

imprudent adjective US /ˌɪmˈpruːdənt/

not prudent or wise

From this reading “"ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.”

northward adverb US /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading “"Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.”

temperature noun US /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading “Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.”

unsafe adjective US /ənˈseɪf/

lacking in security or safety

From this reading “"Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

strong enough adjective + noun

In this reading “Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.”

open water verb + noun

In this reading “"Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

11th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

19

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading I walked over it as I did in April.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I walked over it as I did in April.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I walked over it as I did in April.

driftsnounUS /drɪfts/

plural of “drift” — a force that moves something along

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

exposingverbUS /ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ/

-ing form of “expose” — expose or make accessible to some action or influence

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

extensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

fleecyadjectiveUS /ˈfliːsi/

(of fabrics) having soft nap produced by brushing

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

fortnightnounUS /ˈfɔːrtnaɪt/

a period of fourteen consecutive days

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

frailadjectiveUS /freɪl/

physically weak

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

galenounUS /ɡeɪl/

a strong wind moving 45-90 knots; force 7 to 10 on Beaufort scale

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

huntverbUS /hʌnt/

pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals)

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

imprudentadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːdənt/

not prudent or wise

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I walked over it as I did in April.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I walked over it as I did in April.

looseadjectiveUS /luːs/

not compact or dense in structure or arrangement

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

northwardadverbUS /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading I walked over it as I did in April.

ReachingnounUS /ˈriːtʃɪŋ/

the act of physically reaching or thrusting out

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

sealverbUS /siːl/

make tight; secure against leakage

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

snow-crust

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

sunkadjectiveUS /sʌŋk/

doomed to extinction

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading A gale had swept away the loose, fleecy drifts of the fortnight before, exposing the familiar surface of the older snow.

temperaturenounUS /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading Our mean temperature had sunk to 19° 5\ and the snow-crust was strong enough to bear.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

unsafeadjectiveUS /ənˈseɪf/

lacking in security or safety

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading I walked over it as I did in April.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading "ON the 11th, I was well enough, or imprudent enough, to attempt a seal hunt.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading "Reaching the seat of the open water to the northward, I found it closed by young ice, an extensive surface frail and unsafe.

Chapter 20 of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack by Elisha Kent Kane holds 123 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack contain?

Chapter 20 holds 123 sentences of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack by Elisha Kent Kane exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 123 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack

Common questions about reading Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack by Elisha Kent Kane on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack?

Yes. All 3436 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47857 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47857, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack take to read?

About 286 minutes of reading across 688 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack section by section

How to work through Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack

Words and structures a reader meets early in Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Emphasis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Displayed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Superscripts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Adrift in the Arctic Ice Pack; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.