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Afoot in England
Afoot in England

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Afoot in England is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.
This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.
The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.
If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.
All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Afoot in England

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Afoot in England is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.
Line 2
This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.
Line 3
The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.
/ðə deɪ əˈpɔɪntɪd fɔːr ðə ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən brɔːt ðə ˈɡreɪtəst ˈkɑːnkɔːrs ʌv ˈpiːpəl ˈevər ˈwɪtnəst æt ðæt ˈlɔːfti spɑːt æt ɔːl ɪˈvents sɪns ˌpriːhɪˈstɔːrɪk taɪmz/
Line 4
If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.
Line 5
All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.
/ɔːl ˈklæsəz wɜːr ðer frʌm ðə noʊˈbɪləti ənd ˈdʒentri ɑːn ˈhɔːrsbæk ənd ɪn ɡreɪt ˈkoʊtʃɪz ɪn wɪtʃ ðeɪ ˈkærid ðer oʊn prəˈvɪʒənz tuː ðə ˈmiːnər sɔːrt huː hæd trʌdʒd frʌm ɔːl ðə ˈkʌntri raʊnd ɑːn fʊt ənd ðoʊz huː hæd nɑːt brɔːt ðer oʊn fuːd ənd bɪr wɜːr ˈkeɪtərd fɔːr baɪ ˈtreɪdərz ɪn kɑːrts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Britons noun US /ˈbrɪtənz/

plural of “briton” — a native or inhabitant of Great Britain

From this reading “If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.”

catered verb US /ˈkeɪtərd/

past form of “cater” — give what is desired or needed, especially support, food or sustenance

From this reading “All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.”

coaches noun US /ˈkoʊtʃɪz/

plural of “coach” — (sports) someone in charge of training an athlete or a team

From this reading “All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.”

concourse noun US /ˈkɑːnkɔːrs/

a large gathering of people

From this reading “The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.”

meaner adjective US /ˈmiːnər/

comparative of “mean” — approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading “All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.”

parishes noun US /ˈpærɪʃɪz/

plural of “parish” — a local church community

From this reading “As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.”

prehistoric adjective US /ˌpriːhɪˈstɔːrɪk/

belonging to or existing in times before recorded history

From this reading “This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.”

trudged verb US /trʌdʒd/

past form of “trudge” — walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading “All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.”

All words in this reading · 126

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

accordinglyadverbUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

ascertainedadjectiveUS /ˌæsərˈteɪnd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

authoritiesnounUS /əˈθɔːrətiz/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

beernounUS /bɪr/

a general name for alcoholic beverages made by fermenting a cereal (or mixture of cereals) flavored with hops

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

boundarynounUS /ˈbaʊn.də.ri/

A line that marks the limits of an area.

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

BritonsnounUS /ˈbrɪtənz/

plural of “briton” — a native or inhabitant of Great Britain

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

cartsnounUS /kɑːrts/

plural of “cart” — a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

cateredverbUS /ˈkeɪtərd/

past form of “cater” — give what is desired or needed, especially support, food or sustenance

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

coachesnounUS /ˈkoʊtʃɪz/

plural of “coach” — (sports) someone in charge of training an athlete or a team

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

concoursenounUS /ˈkɑːnkɔːrs/

a large gathering of people

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

earthworks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

elasticadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæstɪk/

capable of resuming original shape after stretching or compression; springy

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

erectedverbUS /ɪˈrektəd/

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

extensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

finestadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəst/

superlative of “fine” — being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

gentrynounUS /ˈdʒentri/

the most powerful members of a society

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

ghostlyadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊstli/

resembling or characteristic of a phantom

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

gibbetnoun

alternative terms for gallows

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

gravesnounUS /ɡreɪvz/

English writer known for his interest in mythology and in the classics (1895-1985)

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

horsebacknounUS /ˈhɔːrsbæk/

the back of a horse

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

meaneradjectiveUS /ˈmiːnər/

comparative of “mean” — approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

nobilitynounUS /noʊˈbɪləti/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

parishesnounUS /ˈpærɪʃɪz/

plural of “parish” — a local church community

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

prehistoricadjectiveUS /ˌpriːhɪˈstɔːrɪk/

belonging to or existing in times before recorded history

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

provisionsnounUS /prəˈvɪʒənz/

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

remarkedverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkt/

past form of “remark” — make mention of

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

remindedverbUS /riˈmaɪndɪd/

past form of “remind” — put in the mind of someone

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

rubbedverbUS /rʌbd/

inflected form of “rub” — move over something with pressure

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

settleverbUS /ˈsetəl/

settle into a position, usually on a surface or ground

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

SouthernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

stretchverbUS /stretʃ/

occupy a large, elongated area

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading If some of the ancient Britons had come out of their graves to look on, seated on their earthworks, they would have probably rubbed their ghostly hands together and remarked to each other that it reminded them of old times.

tradersnounUS /ˈtreɪdərz/

plural of “trader” — someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

trudgedverbUS /trʌdʒd/

past form of “trudge” — walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

turfnounUS /tɜːrf/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

viewsnounUS /vjuːz/

plural of “view” — a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This was accordingly done, the gibbet being erected at the highest point crossed by the line, on a stretch of beautiful smooth elastic turf, among prehistoric earthworks--a spot commanding one of the finest and most extensive views in Southern England.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading All classes were there, from the nobility and gentry, on horseback and in great coaches in which they carried their own provisions, to the meaner sort who had trudged from all the country round on foot, and those who had not brought their own food and beer were catered for by traders in carts.

witnessedverbUS /ˈwɪtnəst/

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading The day appointed for the execution brought the greatest concourse of people ever witnessed at that lofty spot, at all events since prehistoric times.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

yieldverbUS /jiːld/

be the cause or source of

From this reading As neither side would yield, the higher authorities were compelled to settle the matter for them, and ordered the cost to be divided between the two parishes, the gibbet to be erected on the boundary line, as far as it could be ascertained.

Chapter 3 of Afoot in England by W. H. (William Henry) Hudson holds 416 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Afoot in England contain?

Chapter 3 holds 416 sentences of Afoot in England, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Afoot in England by W. H. (William Henry) Hudson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 416 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Afoot in England?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Afoot in England

Common questions about reading Afoot in England by W. H. (William Henry) Hudson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Afoot in England?

Yes. All 2485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5406 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Afoot in England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5406, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Afoot in England take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 497 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Afoot in England section by section

How to work through Afoot in England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Afoot in England

Words and structures a reader meets early in Afoot in England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Guide-books
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seems
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Probable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.