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Afoot in England
Afoot in England

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Afoot in England is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Afoot in England
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.
Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.
Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.
It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.
The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Afoot in England

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Afoot in England is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.
/aɪ kʊd nɑːt ɡoʊ əˈweɪ ˈliːvɪŋ ɪt ɪn ðæt ɪkˈspoʊzd pleɪs ɑːn ðə tɜːrf tuː biː faʊnd ə ˈlɪtəl ˈleɪtər baɪ ə ˈmæɡpaɪ ɔːr ˈkeriən kroʊ ɔːr fɑːks ənd dɪˈvaʊərd/
Line 2
Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.
Line 3
Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.
/ˈkʌtɪŋ aʊt ə raʊnd piːs ʌv tɜːrf frʌm ðə saɪd aɪ meɪd ə hoʊl wɪð maɪ stɪk ənd pʊt ðə ded bɜːrd ɪn ənd rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ ðə tɜːrf left ɪt ˈniːtli ˈberid/
Line 4
It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.
Line 5
The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carrion noun US /ˈkeriən/

the dead and rotting body of an animal; unfit for human food

From this reading “I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.”

gourmets noun US /ˈɡʊrmeɪz/

plural of “gourmet” — a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)

From this reading “The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.”

hillock noun US /ˈhɪlək/

a small natural hill

From this reading “Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.”

magpie noun US /ˈmæɡpaɪ/

long-tailed black-and-white crow that utters a raucous chattering call

From this reading “I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.”

purifiers noun US /ˈpjʊrəfaɪərz/

plural of “purifier” — an apparatus for removing impurities

From this reading “It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.”

replacing noun US /rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ/

the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another

From this reading “Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.”

scavengers noun US /ˈskævəndʒərz/

plural of “scavenger” — a chemical agent that is added to a chemical mixture to counteract the effects of impurities

From this reading “It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.”

skylarks noun US /ˈskaɪlɑːrks/

plural of “skylark” — brown-speckled European lark noted for singing while hovering at a great height

From this reading “The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

antsnounUS /ænts/

plural of “ant” — social insect living in organized colonies; characteristically the males and fertile queen have wings during breeding season; wingless sterile females are the workers

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

balance-keepers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

birdnounUS /bɜːrd/

warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

brownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

carrionnounUS /ˈkeriən/

the dead and rotting body of an animal; unfit for human food

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

carrion-crows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

carrion-eaters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

CloseadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

creepingnounUS /ˈkriːpɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

crowverbUS /kroʊ/

dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

CuttingnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

devourverbUS /dɪˈvaʊər/

destroy completely

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

devouredverbUS /dɪˈvaʊərd/

past form of “devour” — destroy completely

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

exposedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspoʊzd/

with no protection or shield

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

forsakenverbUS /fɔːrˈseɪkən/

inflected form of “forsake” — leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

foxnounUS /fɑːks/

alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

foxesnounUS /ˈfɑːksəz/

plural of “fox” — alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

gourmetsnounUS /ˈɡʊrmeɪz/

plural of “gourmet” — a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

hatenounUS /heɪt/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

herbsnounUS /ɜːrbz/

plural of “herb” — a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

hillocknounUS /ˈhɪlək/

a small natural hill

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

holenounUS /hoʊl/

an opening into or through something

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

loatheverbUS /loʊð/

find repugnant

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

magpienounUS /ˈmæɡpaɪ/

long-tailed black-and-white crow that utters a raucous chattering call

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

mossnounUS /mɔːs/

tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

Nature'snounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

possessive form of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

neatlyadverbUS /ˈniːtli/

with neatness

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

nestnounUS /nest/

a structure in which animals lay eggs or give birth to their young

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

purifiersnounUS /ˈpjʊrəfaɪərz/

plural of “purifier” — an apparatus for removing impurities

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

quarrelnounUS /ˈkwɔːrəl/

an angry dispute

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

replacingnounUS /rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ/

the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

scavengersnounUS /ˈskævəndʒərz/

plural of “scavenger” — a chemical agent that is added to a chemical mixture to counteract the effects of impurities

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

skylarksnounUS /ˈskaɪlɑːrks/

plural of “skylark” — brown-speckled European lark noted for singing while hovering at a great height

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

stickverbUS /stɪk/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading Cutting out a round piece of turf from the side, I made a hole with my stick and put the dead bird in and replacing the turf left it neatly buried.

suitableadjectiveUS /ˈsuːtəbəl/

meant or adapted for an occasion or use

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

tablesnounUS /ˈteɪbəlz/

plural of “table” — a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

turfnounUS /tɜːrf/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading I could not go away leaving it in that exposed place on the turf, to be found a little later by a magpie or carrion crow or fox, and devoured.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

wheatearnoun

small songbird of northern America and Eurasia having a distinctive white rump

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

wheatears

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The only creatures on earth I loathe and hate are the gourmets, the carrion-crows and foxes of the human kind who devour wheatears and skylarks at their tables.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Close by there was a small round hillock, an old forsaken nest of the little brown ants, green and soft with moss and small creeping herbs--a suitable grave for a wheatear.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was not that I had or have any quarrel with the creatures I have named, or would have them other than they are--carrion-eaters and scavengers, Nature's balance-keepers and purifiers.

Chapter 4 of Afoot in England by W. H. (William Henry) Hudson holds 416 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Afoot in England contain?

Chapter 4 holds 416 sentences of Afoot in England, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Afoot in England by W. H. (William Henry) Hudson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 416 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Afoot in England?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Afoot in England

Common questions about reading Afoot in England by W. H. (William Henry) Hudson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Afoot in England?

Yes. All 2485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5406 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Afoot in England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5406, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Afoot in England take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 497 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Afoot in England section by section

How to work through Afoot in England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Afoot in England to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Afoot in England

Words and structures a reader meets early in Afoot in England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Guide-books
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seems
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Probable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Afoot in England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.