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Against the Grain
Against the Grain

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Against the Grain
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.
He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.
What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!
He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.
In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Against the Grain

Chapter I

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.
Line 2
He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.
Line 3
What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!
Line 4
He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.
Line 5
In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Again noun US /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.”

Amid preposition US /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading “In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.”

Connoisseur noun US /ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːr/

a person who knows a great deal about the quality of something

From this reading “He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.”

Took noun US /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

abode

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

againnounUS /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

borrowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

boudoir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

bury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

buy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

camphor-wood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

care

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

carved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

color

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

color-tones

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

comb

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

connoisseurnounUS /ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːr/

a person who knows a great deal about the quality of something

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

created

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

daintily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

delicately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

Des

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

entertained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

Esseintes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

evasions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

flesh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

Fontenay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

furniture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

go

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

hangings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

home

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

Indian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

Japanese

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

lights

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

meditations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

months

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

More

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

obliged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

pale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

Paris

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

pavillion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

repose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

rose-tinted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

satin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

search

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

silent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

silken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

sincerities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had long been a connoisseur in the sincerities and evasions of color-tones.

sort

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

surrendered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

tooknounUS /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

turning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More than two months passed before Des Esseintes could bury himself in the silent repose of his Fontenay abode.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

upholsterers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

wanted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was obliged to go to Paris again, to comb the city in his search for the things he wanted to buy.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What care he took, what meditations he surrendered himself to, before turning over his house to the upholsterers!

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

women

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading In the days when he had entertained women at his home, he had created a boudoir where, amid daintily carved furniture of pale, Japanese camphor-wood, under a sort of pavillion of Indian rose-tinted satin, the flesh would color delicately in the borrowed lights of the silken hangings.