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Against the Grain
Against the Grain

Chapter IV

Cover illustration for Against the Grain
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.
Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.
Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.
They informed their master, who was breakfasting.
"Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Against the Grain

Chapter IV

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.
Line 2
Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.
Line 3
Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.
Line 4
They informed their master, who was breakfasting.
Line 5
"Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Afternoon noun US /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.”

Again noun US /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.”

Behind preposition US /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.”

Breakfasting verb US /ˈbrɛkfəstɪŋ/

eating the morning meal in a specific situation in this story

From this reading “They informed their master, who was breakfasting.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.”

Having auxiliary verb US /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading “Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

address

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

afternoonnounUS /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

againnounUS /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

Ask

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

bell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

breakfastingverbUS /ˈbrɛkfəstɪŋ/

eating the morning meal in a specific situation in this story

From this reading They informed their master, who was breakfasting.

buckler

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

carriage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

close

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

concealed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

cut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

deliver

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

delivery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

Des

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

door

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

drawing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

Esseintes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

Fontenay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

front

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

furiously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

given

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

gold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

halted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

hesitated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

immense

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

informed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They informed their master, who was breakfasting.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

lapidary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

letters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

magazines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

master

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They informed their master, who was breakfasting.

neck

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

occasion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

opening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

papers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

parts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

peep-hole

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

peered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

perceived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

postman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

purchase

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

recalled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

received

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

rung

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ask him in," he said, for he recalled having given his address to a lapidary for the delivery of a purchase.

servants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They informed their master, who was breakfasting.

Then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

uninhabited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

ventured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

visitors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since Des Esseintes received no visitors, and since the postman never even ventured into these uninhabited parts, having no occasion to deliver any papers, magazines or letters, the servants hesitated before opening the door.

waist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

wall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, as the bell was rung furiously again, they peered through the peep-hole cut into the wall, and perceived a man, concealed, from neck to waist, behind an immense gold buckler.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The afternoon was drawing to its close when a carriage halted in front of the Fontenay house.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They informed their master, who was breakfasting.