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Against the Grain
Against the Grain

Chapter VII

Cover illustration for Against the Grain
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.
Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.
For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.
Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.
He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Against the Grain

Chapter VII

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.
Line 2
Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.
Line 3
For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.
Line 4
Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.
Line 5
He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Art auxiliary verb US /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading “Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.”

Began noun US /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.”

During preposition US /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading “He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.”

Taste verb US /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading “Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.”

Watered noun US /ˈwatered/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

always

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

awnings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

baskets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

become

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

begannounUS /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

brains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

categories

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

choice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

clarified

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

compared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

content

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

creations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

cultivated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

direction

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.

discriminations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

distilled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

distinctions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

feel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

flat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

florist's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

flowers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

fond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

green

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

grow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

grown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

ideas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

impurities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

Jutigny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

lavished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

lees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

literary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

markets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

microcosm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

Now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

parasols

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

Parisian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

passionately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

permitted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

plants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

popular

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

pots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

preoccupations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

presence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

purged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

refined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.

refinement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

regard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

represented

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

residence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

scorned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

self-conscious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.

shop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

Simultaneous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

society

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

sorts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

subtly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Now his taste in this direction had grown refined and self-conscious.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

troubled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He had always been passionately fond of flowers, but during his residence at Jutigny, that love had been lavished upon flowers of all sorts; he had never cultivated distinctions and discriminations in regard to them.

waterednounUS /ˈwatered/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

weariness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.

wherein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He compared a florist's shop to a microcosm wherein all the categories of society are represented.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading For a long time he had scorned the popular plants which grow in flat baskets, in watered pots, under green awnings or under the red parasols of Parisian markets.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Simultaneous with the refinement of his literary taste and his preoccupations with art, which permitted him to be content only in the presence of choice creations, distilled by subtly troubled brains, and simultaneous with the weariness he began to feel in the presence of popular ideas, his love for flowers had grown purged of all impurities and lees, and had become clarified.