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Alfgar the Dane
Alfgar the Dane

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Alfgar the Dane is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Alfgar the Dane
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.
But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.
The way in which it came about was this.
I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.
He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Alfgar the Dane

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Alfgar the Dane is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.
Line 2
But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.
/bʌt ɪt ɪz nɑːt ðɪs puːr bɔɪz fɔːlt ðæt hiː ɪz nɑːt ə ˈkrɪstʃən fɔːr aɪ hæv siːn hɪm ənd lɜːrnd fɔːr ə ˈsɜːrtənti ðə riːl steɪt ʌv hɪz maɪnd/
Line 3
The way in which it came about was this.
/ðə weɪ ɪn wɪtʃ ɪt keɪm əˈbaʊt wɑːz ðɪs/
Line 4
I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.
Line 5
He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.
/hiː ˈstɑːrtɪd æz hiː sɔː miː ənd æt fɜːrst lʊkt æz ɪf hiː wɜːr ˌɪnˈklaɪnd tuː flaɪ maɪ ˈprezəns bʌt aɪ ˈdʒentli əˈdrest hɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

canons noun US /ˈkænənz/

plural of “canon” — a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field of art or philosophy

From this reading “SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.”

emblem noun US /ˈembləm/

special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc.

From this reading “I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.”

excommunicate verb US /ˌekskəˈmjuːnəkeɪt/

exclude from a church or a religious community

From this reading “SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.”

mortality noun US /mɔːrˈtæləti/

the quality or state of being mortal

From this reading “I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.”

permits noun US /pərˈmɪts/

plural of “permit” — a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading “SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.”

relaxation noun US /ˌriːlækˈseɪʃən/

(physiology) the gradual lengthening of inactive muscle or muscle fibers

From this reading “SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.”

shunned verb US /ʃʌnd/

inflected form of “shun” — avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of

From this reading “I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.”

worshippers noun US /ˈwɜːrʃɪpərz/

plural of “worshipper” — a person who has religious faith

From this reading “I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

6th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The way in which it came about was this.

accidentnounUS /ˈæksədənt/

an unfortunate mishap; especially one causing damage or injury

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

addressedadjectiveUS /əˈdrest/

(of mail) marked with a destination

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

Alfgar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

Anlaf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

boy'snounUS /bɔɪz/

possessive form of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The way in which it came about was this.

canonsnounUS /ˈkænənz/

plural of “canon” — a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field of art or philosophy

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

certaintynounUS /ˈsɜːrtənti/

the state of being certain

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

chestnutadjectiveUS /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

contraryadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntreri/

very opposed in nature or character or purpose

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

discomposedadjective

having your composure disturbed

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

emblemnounUS /ˈembləm/

special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc.

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

excommunicateverbUS /ˌekskəˈmjuːnəkeɪt/

exclude from a church or a religious community

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

fadingnounUS /ˈfeɪdɪŋ/

weakening in force or intensity

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

faultnounUS /fɔːlt/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

gentlyadverbUS /ˈdʒentli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

gladenounUS /ɡleɪd/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

holynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The way in which it came about was this.

inclinedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪnd/

(often followed by “to”) having a preference, disposition, or tendency

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

mortalitynounUS /mɔːrˈtæləti/

the quality or state of being mortal

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

mysteriesnounUS /ˈmɪstəriz/

plural of “mystery” — something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

penitents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

permitsnounUS /pərˈmɪts/

plural of “permit” — a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

relaxationnounUS /ˌriːlækˈseɪʃən/

(physiology) the gradual lengthening of inactive muscle or muscle fibers

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

rightlyadverbUS /ˈraɪtli/

with honesty

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

shunnedverbUS /ʃʌnd/

inflected form of “shun” — avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

strewed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

SUNDAYnounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But it is not this poor boy's fault that he is not a Christian, for I have seen him, and learned for a certainty the real state of his mind.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

TodaynounUS /təˈdeɪ/

the present time or age

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

unbaptizedadjective

not having undergone the Christian ritual of baptism

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The way in which it came about was this.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The way in which it came about was this.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He started as he saw me, and at first looked as if he were inclined to fly my presence, but I gently addressed him.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading SUNDAY, November 6th.-- Today I noticed Alfgar, the son of Anlaf, at the high mass, and felt a little discomposed at the relaxation of discipline, which, contrary to the canons of the church, permits the unbaptized, as well as persons who ought rightly to be deemed excommunicate, or at least penitents, to be present at the holy mysteries.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

worshippersnounUS /ˈwɜːrʃɪpərz/

plural of “worshipper” — a person who has religious faith

From this reading I marked that after service he entered the woods, as if he shunned the society of his fellow worshippers, and there I followed him, coming upon him at last, as if by accident, in a chestnut glade, the leaves of which strewed the ground--emblem of our fading mortality.

Chapter 3 of Alfgar the Dane by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake holds 131 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Alfgar the Dane contain?

Chapter 3 holds 131 sentences of Alfgar the Dane, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Alfgar the Dane by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 131 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Alfgar the Dane?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Alfgar the Dane

Common questions about reading Alfgar the Dane by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Alfgar the Dane?

Yes. All 3729 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13305 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Alfgar the Dane is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13305, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Alfgar the Dane take to read?

About 310 minutes of reading across 746 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Alfgar the Dane section by section

How to work through Alfgar the Dane section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Alfgar the Dane

Words and structures a reader meets early in Alfgar the Dane, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Presented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Indulgence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Public
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.