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Alfgar the Dane
Alfgar the Dane

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Alfgar the Dane is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.
St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.
After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.
Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.
One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Alfgar the Dane

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Alfgar the Dane is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.
Line 2
St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.
Line 3
After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.
Line 4
Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.
Line 5
One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Berkshire noun US /ˈbɜːrkʃər/

a county in southern England

From this reading “One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.”

evangelist noun US /ɪˈvændʒəlɪst/

a preacher of the Christian gospel

From this reading “St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.”

southeastern adjective US /ˌsaʊˈθiːstərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southeast

From this reading “After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.”

stationing verb US /ˈsteɪʃənɪŋ/

-ing form of “station” — assign to a station

From this reading “After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.”

successors noun US /səkˈsesərz/

plural of “successor” — a person who follows next in order

From this reading “After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.”

Sussex noun US /ˈsʌsɪks/

a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century

From this reading “After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.”

tributary adjective US /ˈtrɪbjəteri/

(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream

From this reading “Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.”

Wessex noun US /ˈwesəks/

a Saxon kingdom in southwestern England that became the most powerful English kingdom by the 10th century

From this reading “One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AbbeynounUS /ˈæbi/

a church associated with a monastery or convent

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

Abingdon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

BerkshirenounUS /ˈbɜːrkʃər/

a county in southern England

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

Birinus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

centraladjectiveUS /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

Centwin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

Chichester

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

ChristianitynounUS /ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti/

a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

Cissa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

civilisationnoun

the social process whereby societies achieve an advanced stage of development and organization

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

districtsnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkts/

plural of “district” — a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

dominionsnounUS /dəˈmɪnjənz/

plural of “dominion” — dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

Dorchester

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

evangeliseverb

preach the gospel

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

evangelised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

evangelistnounUS /ɪˈvændʒəlɪst/

a preacher of the Christian gospel

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

ferventadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrvənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

fruitnounUS /fruːt/

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

heroicadjectiveUS /hɪˈroʊɪk/

very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

inaccessibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnəkˈsesəbəl/

capable of being reached only with great difficulty or not at all

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

includedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdəd/

enclosed in the same envelope or package

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

ixnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

labours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

like-mindedadjective

of the same turn of mind

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

mantlenounUS /ˈmæntəl/

the cloak as a symbol of authority

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

missionariesnounUS /ˈmɪʃəneriz/

plural of “missionary” — someone who attempts to convert others to a particular doctrine or program

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

missionarynounUS /ˈmɪʃəneri/

someone who attempts to convert others to a particular doctrine or program

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

monasterynounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteri/

the residence of a religious community

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

pettyadjectiveUS /ˈpetiː/

inferior in rank or status

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

ruledadjectiveUS /ruːld/

subject to a ruling authority

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

Selsey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

southeasternadjectiveUS /ˌsaʊˈθiːstərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southeast

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

statesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

stationingverbUS /ˈsteɪʃənɪŋ/

-ing form of “station” — assign to a station

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

successorsnounUS /səkˈsesərz/

plural of “successor” — a person who follows next in order

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

SussexnounUS /ˈsʌsɪks/

a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

tributaryadjectiveUS /ˈtrɪbjəteri/

(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

viceroys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Centwin was then king of Sussex, but various petty states were tributary to him, and ruled by viceroys.

WessexnounUS /ˈwesəks/

a Saxon kingdom in southwestern England that became the most powerful English kingdom by the 10th century

From this reading One of the central lights of civilisation and Christianity in the early days of Wessex was the monastery of Abingdon.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

wildsnounUS /waɪldz/

plural of “wild” — a wild primitive state untouched by civilization

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

Wilfrid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

Wiltshire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of these viceroys was Cissa, whose dominions included Wiltshire and the greater part of Berkshire {ix}.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading After the death of Birinus, the zeal of his successors failed to evangelise the southeastern districts of Wessex, until, at length, came Wilfrid, fervent in zeal, and, stationing himself at Selsey, near Chichester, evangelised both Sussex and Wessex, sending out missionaries like-minded with himself, even into the most inaccessible wilds.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading St. Birinus had fixed the centre of his missionary labours at Dorchester, only six miles distant, but the Abbey was the fruit of the heroic zeal of another evangelist, upon whom his mantle fell--St. Wilfrid.

Chapter 13 of Alfgar the Dane by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake holds 114 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Alfgar the Dane contain?

Chapter 13 holds 114 sentences of Alfgar the Dane, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Alfgar the Dane by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 114 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Alfgar the Dane?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Alfgar the Dane

Common questions about reading Alfgar the Dane by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Alfgar the Dane?

Yes. All 3729 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13305 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Alfgar the Dane is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13305, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Alfgar the Dane take to read?

About 310 minutes of reading across 746 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Alfgar the Dane section by section

How to work through Alfgar the Dane section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Alfgar the Dane

Words and structures a reader meets early in Alfgar the Dane, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Presented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Indulgence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Public
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfgar the Dane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.