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Alfred Tennyson
Alfred Tennyson

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Alfred Tennyson is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Alfred Tennyson
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
INTRODUCTION.
IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.
As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.
But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.
The works of the localisers I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Alfred Tennyson

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Alfred Tennyson is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
INTRODUCTION.
/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/
Line 2
IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.
/ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ ðɪs briːf sketʃ ʌv ðə laɪf ʌv ˈtenɪsən ənd ðɪs əˈtempt tuː əˈpriːʃieɪt hɪz wɜːrk aɪ hæv ˈrestəd ˈɔːlmoʊst ɪnˈtaɪərli ɑːn ðə baɪˈɑːɡrəfi baɪ lɔːrd ˈtenɪsən wɪð hɪz kaɪnd pərˈmɪʃən ənd ɑːn ðə tekst ʌv ðə ˈpoʊəmz/
Line 3
As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.
/æz tuː ðə laɪf ˈdaʊtləs ˈkɜːrənt ˈænəkdoʊts nɑːt ˈɡɪvən ɪn ðə baɪˈɑːɡrəfi ɑːr noʊn tuː miː ənd tuː moʊst ˈpiːpəl/
Line 4
But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.
/bʌt æz ðeɪ mʌst ˈɔːlsoʊ biː fəˈmɪljər tuː ðə ˈɔːθər ʌv ðə baɪˈɑːɡrəfi aɪ hæv nɑːt θɔːt ɪt dɪˈzaɪrəbəl tuː ˌɪnˈkluːd wʌt hiː rɪˈdʒektɪd/
Line 5
The works of thelocalisersI have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anecdotes noun US /ˈænəkdoʊts/

plural of “anecdote” — short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)

From this reading “As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.”

Biography noun US /baɪˈɑːɡrəfi/

an account of the series of events making up a person's life

From this reading “IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.”

desirable adjective US /dɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

worth having or seeking or achieving

From this reading “But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.”

disliked adjective US /dɪˈslaɪkt/

regarded with aversion

From this reading “The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.”

hazardous adjective US /ˈhæzərdəs/

involving risk or danger

From this reading “The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.”

include verb US /ˌɪnˈkluːd/

have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading “But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.”

researches noun US /riˈsɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “research” — systematic investigation to establish facts

From this reading “The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.”

Tennyson noun US /ˈtenɪsən/

Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)

From this reading “IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

anecdotesnounUS /ˈænəkdoʊts/

plural of “anecdote” — short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

appreciateverbUS /əˈpriːʃieɪt/

recognize with gratitude; be grateful for

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

BiographynounUS /baɪˈɑːɡrəfi/

an account of the series of events making up a person's life

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

desirableadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

worth having or seeking or achieving

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

dislikedadjectiveUS /dɪˈslaɪkt/

regarded with aversion

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

doubtlessadverbUS /ˈdaʊtləs/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

hazardousadjectiveUS /ˈhæzərdəs/

involving risk or danger

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

includeverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːd/

have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading INTRODUCTION.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

LifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

localisers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading As to the Life, doubtless current anecdotes, not given in the Biography, are known to me, and to most people.

permissionnounUS /pərˈmɪʃən/

approval to do something

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

PoemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

rejectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈdʒektɪd/

rebuffed (by a lover) without warning

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

researchesnounUS /riˈsɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “research” — systematic investigation to establish facts

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

restedadjectiveUS /ˈrestəd/

not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

sketchnounUS /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

TennysonnounUS /ˈtenɪsən/

Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

unessentialadjective

not basic or fundamental

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading But as they must also be familiar to the author of the Biography, I have not thought it desirable to include what he rejected.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The works of the “localisers” I have not read: Tennyson disliked these researches, as a rule, and they appear to be unessential, and often hazardous.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading IN writing this brief sketch of the Life of Tennyson, and this attempt to appreciate his work, I have rested almost entirely on the Biography by Lord Tennyson (with his kind permission) and on the text of the Poems.

Chapter 1 of Alfred Tennyson by Andrew Lang holds 399 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Alfred Tennyson contain?

Chapter 1 holds 399 sentences of Alfred Tennyson, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Alfred Tennyson by Andrew Lang exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 399 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Alfred Tennyson?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Alfred Tennyson

Common questions about reading Alfred Tennyson by Andrew Lang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Alfred Tennyson?

Yes. All 2422 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3654 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Alfred Tennyson is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3654, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Alfred Tennyson take to read?

About 201 minutes of reading across 485 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Alfred Tennyson section by section

How to work through Alfred Tennyson section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Alfred Tennyson to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Alfred Tennyson

Words and structures a reader meets early in Alfred Tennyson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfred Tennyson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfred Tennyson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brief
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfred Tennyson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sketch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alfred Tennyson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.