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Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius
Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Morning After the Battle.
The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.
It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.
With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.
Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Morning After the Battle.
/ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ˈæftər ðə ˈbætəl/
Line 2
The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.
/ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ sʌn roʊz ˈdɪmli ɪn ə bæŋk ʌv klaʊdz/
Line 3
It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.
Line 4
With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.
/wɪð ə ˈsɪlkən ˈkɜːrtʃəf ʃiː hæd ˈbændədʒd ðə ˈfeɪtəl ɡæʃ ɑːn hɜːr nek bɪˈliːvɪŋ ʃiː maɪt biː ˈoʊnli ɪn ə swuːn ənd maɪt rɪˈkʌvər/
Line 5
Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.
/hoʊp wɪtʃ ɪz ðə læst ˈkʌmfərt tuː əˈbændən mæn ɪn hɪz moʊst ˈdesprɪt kənˈdɪʃən ˈskersli rɪˈtɑːrdɪd fɔːr tʃɑːrlz ðə ˈɑːfəl ˌriːˈælətiː ʌv hɜːr bərˈiːvmənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bandaged adjective US /ˈbændədʒd/

covered or wrapped with a bandage

From this reading “With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.”

bathing noun US /ˈbeɪðɪŋ/

immersing the body in water or sunshine

From this reading “It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.”

bereavement noun US /bərˈiːvmənt/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading “Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.”

gash verb US /ɡæʃ/

cut open

From this reading “With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.”

kerchief noun US /ˈkɜːrtʃəf/

a square scarf that is folded into a triangle and worn over the head or about the neck

From this reading “With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.”

retarded adjective US /rɪˈtɑːrdɪd/

relatively slow in mental or emotional or physical development

From this reading “Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.”

stiffened verb US /ˈstɪfənd/

past form of “stiffen” — become stiff or stiffer

From this reading “It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.”

swoon verb US /swuːn/

pass out from weakness, physical or emotional distress due to a loss of blood supply to the brain

From this reading “With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

abandonverbUS /əˈbændən/

forsake, leave behind

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The Morning After the Battle.

Aloysia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

awfuladjectiveUS /ˈɑːfəl/

exceptionally bad or displeasing

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

bandagedadjectiveUS /ˈbændədʒd/

covered or wrapped with a bandage

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

bathingnounUS /ˈbeɪðɪŋ/

immersing the body in water or sunshine

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

BattlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The Morning After the Battle.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

believingnounUS /bɪˈliːvɪŋ/

the cognitive process that leads to convictions

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

belovedadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

bereavementnounUS /bərˈiːvmənt/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

clingingverbUS /ˈklɪŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “cling” — come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

desperateadjectiveUS /ˈdesprɪt/

arising from or marked by despair or loss of hope

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

dimlyadverbUS /ˈdɪmli/

in a dim indistinct manner

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

fataladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪtəl/

bringing death

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

gashverbUS /ɡæʃ/

cut open

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

HopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

kerchiefnounUS /ˈkɜːrtʃəf/

a square scarf that is folded into a triangle and worn over the head or about the neck

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

kissesnounUS /ˈkɪsəz/

plural of “kiss” — the act of caressing with the lips (or an instance thereof)

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

MorningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The Morning After the Battle.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

recoververbUS /rɪˈkʌvər/

get or find back; recover the use of

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

retardedadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɑːrdɪd/

relatively slow in mental or emotional or physical development

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

silkenadjectiveUS /ˈsɪlkən/

having a smooth, gleaming surface reflecting light

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

stiffenedverbUS /ˈstɪfənd/

past form of “stiffen” — become stiff or stiffer

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The morning sun rose dimly in a bank of clouds.

swoonverbUS /swuːn/

pass out from weakness, physical or emotional distress due to a loss of blood supply to the brain

From this reading With a silken kerchief she had bandaged the fatal gash on her neck, believing she might be only in a swoon and might recover.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Morning After the Battle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Hope, which is the last comfort to abandon man in his most desperate condition, scarcely retarded for Charles the awful reality of her bereavement.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It found Charles still clinging to the remains of poor Aloysia, and bathing with kisses and tears the stiffened features of her beloved sister.

Chapter 15 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius by A. J. (Augustine J.) O'Reilly holds 30 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius contain?

Chapter 15 holds 30 sentences of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius by A. J. (Augustine J.) O'Reilly exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 30 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #2139, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 113 minutes of reading across 272 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius

Words and structures a reader meets early in Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Paris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hundred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.