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Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius
Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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The Privileges of Holy Souls.
An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.
St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.
St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.
He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Privileges of Holy Souls.
/ðə ˈprɪvlədʒəz ʌv ˈhoʊli soʊlz/
Line 2
An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.
Line 3
St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.
Line 4
St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.
Line 5
He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.
/hiː kʊd nɑːt hæv bɪn ˈtrʌstɪd tuː mɔːr ˈtendər ɔːr ˈwɪlɪŋ hændz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aged adjective US /eɪdʒd/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading “St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.”

eminent adjective US /ˈemənənt/

standing above others in quality or position

From this reading “St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.”

illness noun US /ˈɪlnəs/

impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism

From this reading “St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.”

infirmities noun US /ɪnˈfɜːrmɪtiz/

plural of “infirmity” — the state of being weak in health or body (especially from old age)

From this reading “St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.”

miracle noun US /ˈmɪrəkəl/

any amazing or wonderful occurrence

From this reading “An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.”

prevailed verb US /prɪˈveɪld/

past form of “prevail” — be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

From this reading “St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.”

Privileges noun US /ˈprɪvlədʒəz/

plural of “privilege” — a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all

From this reading “The Privileges of Holy Souls.”

sanctity noun US /ˈsæŋktɪti/

the quality of being holy

From this reading “St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

agedadjectiveUS /eɪdʒd/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

Alvira

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.

attendverbUS /əˈtend/

be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

eminentadjectiveUS /ˈemənənt/

standing above others in quality or position

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

extraordinaryadjectiveUS /ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri/

beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

Francis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

HolynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading The Privileges of Holy Souls.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

illnessnounUS /ˈɪlnəs/

impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism

From this reading St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

infirmitiesnounUS /ɪnˈfɜːrmɪtiz/

plural of “infirmity” — the state of being weak in health or body (especially from old age)

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

miraclenounUS /ˈmɪrəkəl/

any amazing or wonderful occurrence

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

nurseverbUS /nɜːrs/

try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury

From this reading St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Privileges of Holy Souls.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

prevailedverbUS /prɪˈveɪld/

past form of “prevail” — be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

From this reading St. Francis prevailed on Alvira to attend him and nurse him in his illness.

PrivilegesnounUS /ˈprɪvlədʒəz/

plural of “privilege” — a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all

From this reading The Privileges of Holy Souls.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

sanctitynounUS /ˈsæŋktɪti/

the quality of being holy

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

SoulsnounUS /soʊlz/

plural of “soul” — the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading The Privileges of Holy Souls.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

sufferingnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/

a state of acute pain

From this reading St. Francis had an aged brother living in the city--a man of eminent sanctity, but suffering much from his infirmities.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

tenderadjectiveUS /ˈtendər/

given to sympathy or gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Privileges of Holy Souls.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

trustedadjectiveUS /ˈtrʌstɪd/

(of persons) worthy of trust or confidence

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading An extraordinary miracle is said, in the life of St. Francis, to have taken place in the house where Alvira was present.

willingadjectiveUS /ˈwɪlɪŋ/

disposed or inclined toward

From this reading He could not have been trusted to more tender or willing hands.

Chapter 18 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius by A. J. (Augustine J.) O'Reilly holds 21 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius contain?

Chapter 18 holds 21 sentences of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius by A. J. (Augustine J.) O'Reilly exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 21 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #2139, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius

Words and structures a reader meets early in Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Paris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hundred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Alvira: The Heroine of Vesuvius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.