Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Amaryllis at the Fair
Amaryllis at the Fair

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Amaryllis at the Fair is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Amaryllis at the Fair
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.
A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.
A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.
Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.
The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Amaryllis at the Fair

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Amaryllis at the Fair is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.
Line 2
A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.
Line 3
A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.
Line 4
Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.
/ˈaʊər ˈænsestərz laɪkt ˈsʌmθɪŋ tuː nɔː æt ənd dɪd nɑːt ɡoʊ ɪn fɔːr ˈlaɪtnəs ɪn ðer ˈpeɪstri ðeɪ laɪkt ˈsʌmθɪŋ tuː stɪk tuː ðer tiːθ ənd ˈæftər ðæt tuː ðer rɪbz/
Line 5
The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

confectionery noun US /kənˈfekʃəneri/

candy and other sweets considered collectively

From this reading “A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.”

digestion noun US /daɪˈdʒestʃən/

the process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat

From this reading “The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.”

gnaw verb US /nɔː/

bite or chew on with the teeth

From this reading “Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.”

lard verb US /lɑːrd/

prepare or cook with lard

From this reading “A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.”

larded verb US /ˈlɑːrdɪd/

past form of “lard” — prepare or cook with lard

From this reading “A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.”

oblong adjective US /ˈɑːblɔːŋ/

(of a leaf shape) having a somewhat elongated form with approximately parallel sides

From this reading “A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.”

pastry noun US /ˈpeɪstri/

a dough of flour and water and shortening

From this reading “Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.”

spice noun US /spaɪs/

aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative

From this reading “A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

seventy years adjective + noun

In this reading “A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.”

depended on verb + particle counted as “depend on”

be contingent on

In this reading “The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.”

country folk noun + noun

In this reading “A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.”

gnaw at verb + particle

become ground down or deteriorate

In this reading “Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.”

at the top preposition + article + noun counted as “at … top”

In this reading “A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.”

at the corners preposition + article + noun counted as “at … corner”

In this reading “A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.”

manufacture of verb + particle

In this reading “WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

alludedverbUS /əˈluːdɪd/

past form of “allude” — make a more or less disguised reference to

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

ancestorsnounUS /ˈænsestərz/

plural of “ancestor” — someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

bakernounUS /ˈbeɪkər/

someone who bakes commercially

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

cakenounUS /keɪk/

a block of solid substance (such as soap or wax)

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

conditionsnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

confectionerynounUS /kənˈfekʃəneri/

candy and other sweets considered collectively

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

cornersnounUS /ˈkɔːrnərz/

plural of “corner” — a place off to the side of an area

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

dependedverbUS /dɪˈpendəd/

past form of “depend” — be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

descentnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

digestionnounUS /daɪˈdʒestʃən/

the process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

doughnounUS /doʊ/

a flour mixture stiff enough to knead or roll

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

eminentlyadverbUS /ˈemənəntli/

in an eminent manner

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

eranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

flatadjectiveUS /flæt/

having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

folknounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

fulfilledadjectiveUS /fʊlˈfɪld/

completed to perfection

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

gnawverbUS /nɔː/

bite or chew on with the teeth

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

GrandfathernounUS /ˈɡrændfɑːðər/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

Iden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

Iden's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

lardverbUS /lɑːrd/

prepare or cook with lard

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

lardedverbUS /ˈlɑːrdɪd/

past form of “lard” — prepare or cook with lard

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

lardy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

lardy-cake

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

lightnessnounUS /ˈlaɪtnəs/

a feeling of joy and pride

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

manufactureverbUS /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃər/

put together out of artificial or natural components or parts

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

millernounUS /ˈmɪlər/

United States bandleader of a popular big band (1909-1944)

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

notedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

oblongadjectiveUS /ˈɑːblɔːŋ/

(of a leaf shape) having a somewhat elongated form with approximately parallel sides

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

pastrynounUS /ˈpeɪstri/

a dough of flour and water and shortening

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

ribsnounUS /rɪbz/

plural of “rib” — support resembling the rib of an animal

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

roundedadjectiveUS /ˈraʊndəd/

curving and somewhat round in shape rather than jagged

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

seventyadjectiveUS /ˈsevənti/

being ten more than sixty

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

spicenounUS /spaɪs/

aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

stickverbUS /stɪk/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

sugarnounUS /ˈʃʊɡər/

a white crystalline carbohydrate used as a sweetener and preservative

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Our ancestors liked something to gnaw at, and did not go in for lightness in their pastry; they liked something to stick to their teeth, and after that to their ribs.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

triflenounUS /ˈtraɪfəl/

a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate

From this reading The lardy-cake eminently fulfilled these conditions; they put a trifle of sugar and spice in it, to set it going as it were, and the rest depended on the strength of the digestion.

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

WaterloonounUS /ˈwɔːtərluː/

a town in central Belgium where in 1815 Napoleon met his final defeat

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

WHENconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading WHEN Mrs. Iden threw his lardy-cake descent in Iden's face she alluded to Grandfather Iden's being a baker and miller, and noted for the manufacture of these articles.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A lardy-cake is an oblong, flat cake, crossed with lines, and rounded at the corners, made of dough, lard, sugar, and spice.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading A lardy, or larded, cake is a thing, I suppose, unknown to most of this generation; they were the principal confectionery familiar to country folk when Grandfather Iden was at the top of his business activity, seventy years since, in the Waterloo era.

Chapter 11 of Amaryllis at the Fair by Richard Jefferies holds 85 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Amaryllis at the Fair contain?

Chapter 11 holds 85 sentences of Amaryllis at the Fair, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Amaryllis at the Fair by Richard Jefferies exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 85 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Amaryllis at the Fair?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Amaryllis at the Fair

Common questions about reading Amaryllis at the Fair by Richard Jefferies on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Amaryllis at the Fair?

Yes. All 2729 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30087 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Amaryllis at the Fair is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30087, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Amaryllis at the Fair take to read?

About 227 minutes of reading across 546 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Amaryllis at the Fair section by section

How to work through Amaryllis at the Fair section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 34 chapters of Amaryllis at the Fair to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Amaryllis at the Fair

Words and structures a reader meets early in Amaryllis at the Fair, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Belloc
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Amaryllis at the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Avril
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Amaryllis at the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Amaryllis at the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poetry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Amaryllis at the Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.