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American Leaders and Heroes
American Leaders and Heroes

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of American Leaders and Heroes is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
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Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.
As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.
One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.
The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.
With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

American Leaders and Heroes

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of American Leaders and Heroes is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.
Line 2
As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.
/æz ə ˈpʌnɪʃmənt tuː ðə rɪˈbeljəs ˈkɑːlənɪsts fɔːr ˈderɪŋ tuː əˈpoʊz ðer ˈrɔɪəl ˈmæstər ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ əˈθɔːrətiz kloʊzd ðə pɔːrt ʌv ˈbɑːstən tuː ɔːl treɪd ənd meɪd ˈdʒenərəl ɡeɪdʒ ˈmɪləteri ˈɡʌvərnər ʌv ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/
Line 3
One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.
/wʌn ʌv ðə fɜːrst ækts ʌv ðə nuː ˈɡʌvərnər wɑːz tuː dɪˈsmɪs ðə kəˈloʊniəl əˈsembli ðʌs dɪˈpraɪvɪŋ ðə ˈpiːpəl ʌv ðer raɪt tuː meɪk lɔːz ənd səbˈdʒektɪŋ ðem ˈhoʊli tuː ðə wɪl ʌv ðə kɪŋ/
Line 4
The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.
/ðə ˈkɑːlənɪsts felt ðɪs tuː biː æn ˈaʊtreɪdʒ əˈpɑːn friː ˈɡʌvərmənt ənd ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd ə nuː ˈɡʌvərnɪŋ ˈbɑːdi wɪtʃ ðeɪ kɔːld ə prəˈvɪnʃəl ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/
Line 5
With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.
/wɪð dʒɑːn ˈhænkɑːk æz ɪts ˈprezədent ənd ˈsæmjuːl ˈædəmz æz ɪts ˈliːdɪŋ ˈspɪrət ðɪs ˈkɑːŋɡrəs bɪˈɡæn æt wʌns tuː meɪk ˈræpəd ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz fɔːr wɔːr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Concord noun US /ˈkɑːnkɔːrd/

capital of the state of New Hampshire; located in south central New Hampshire on the Merrimack river

From this reading “Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.”

depriving verb US /dɪˈpraɪvɪŋ/

-ing form of “deprive” — take away possessions from someone

From this reading “One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.”

Gage noun US /ɡeɪdʒ/

street names for marijuana

From this reading “As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.”

governing adjective US /ˈɡʌvərnɪŋ/

responsible for making and enforcing rules and laws

From this reading “The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.”

Hancock noun US /ˈhænkɑːk/

American revolutionary patriot who was president of the Continental Congress; was the first signer of the Declaration of Independence (1737-1793)

From this reading “With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.”

Lexington noun US /ˈleksɪŋtən/

town in eastern Massachusetts near Boston where the first battle of the American Revolution was fought

From this reading “Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.”

Revere verb US /rɪˈvɪr/

love unquestioningly and uncritically or to excess; venerate as an idol

From this reading “Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.”

subjecting verb US /səbˈdʒektɪŋ/

-ing form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading “One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

military governor noun + noun

the head of a government established by the military (as in a defeated country)

In this reading “As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.”

royal master adjective + noun

In this reading “As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.”

Tea Party noun + noun

a party at which tea is served

In this reading “Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.”

leading spirit adjective + noun

In this reading “With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.”

became more verb + adjective counted as “become more”

In this reading “Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.”

free government verb + noun

In this reading “The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1735

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

1818

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

actsnounUS /ækts/

a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

AdamsnounUS /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

AssemblynounUS /əˈsembli/

a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

authoritiesnounUS /əˈθɔːrətiz/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

BattlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

BostonnounUS /ˈbɑːstən/

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

ColonialadjectiveUS /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

colonistsnounUS /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

ConcordnounUS /ˈkɑːnkɔːrd/

capital of the state of New Hampshire; located in south central New Hampshire on the Merrimack river

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

CongressnounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/

the legislature of the United States government

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

deprivingverbUS /dɪˈpraɪvɪŋ/

-ing form of “deprive” — take away possessions from someone

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

dismissverbUS /dɪˈsmɪs/

bar from attention or consideration

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

GagenounUS /ɡeɪdʒ/

street names for marijuana

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

governingadjectiveUS /ˈɡʌvərnɪŋ/

responsible for making and enforcing rules and laws

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

HancocknounUS /ˈhænkɑːk/

American revolutionary patriot who was president of the Continental Congress; was the first signer of the Declaration of Independence (1737-1793)

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

LexingtonnounUS /ˈleksɪŋtən/

town in eastern Massachusetts near Boston where the first battle of the American Revolution was fought

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

MassachusettsnounUS /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

opposeverbUS /əˈpoʊz/

be against; express opposition to

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

organizedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

outragenounUS /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

PartynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

portnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

presidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

ProvincialadjectiveUS /prəˈvɪnʃəl/

of or associated with a province

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

rebelliousadjectiveUS /rɪˈbeljəs/

resisting control or authority

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

RevereverbUS /rɪˈvɪr/

love unquestioningly and uncritically or to excess; venerate as an idol

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

SamuelnounUS /ˈsæmjuːl/

(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

subjectingverbUS /səbˈdʒektɪŋ/

-ing form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

TeanounUS /tiː/

a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Paul Revere and the Battle of Concord and Lexington [1735-1818] After the "Boston Tea Party," affairs became more serious than ever in Massachusetts.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading As a punishment to the rebellious colonists for daring to oppose their royal master, the English authorities closed the port of Boston to all trade, and made General Gage military governor of Massachusetts.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The colonists felt this to be an outrage upon free government, and immediately organized a new governing body which they called a Provincial Congress.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading One of the first acts of the new Governor was to dismiss the Colonial Assembly, thus depriving the people of their right to make laws, and subjecting them wholly to the will of the King.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With John Hancock as its president and Samuel Adams as its leading spirit, this congress began at once to make rapid preparations for war.

Chapter 14 of American Leaders and Heroes by Wilbur F. (Wilbur Fisk) Gordy holds 110 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of American Leaders and Heroes contain?

Chapter 14 holds 110 sentences of American Leaders and Heroes, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of American Leaders and Heroes by Wilbur F. (Wilbur Fisk) Gordy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 110 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of American Leaders and Heroes?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading American Leaders and Heroes

Common questions about reading American Leaders and Heroes by Wilbur F. (Wilbur Fisk) Gordy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of American Leaders and Heroes?

Yes. All 3757 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35742 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of American Leaders and Heroes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35742, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does American Leaders and Heroes take to read?

About 313 minutes of reading across 752 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read American Leaders and Heroes section by section

How to work through American Leaders and Heroes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in American Leaders and Heroes

Words and structures a reader meets early in American Leaders and Heroes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Teaching
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Girls
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Twelve
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.