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American Leaders and Heroes
American Leaders and Heroes

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of American Leaders and Heroes is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.
The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.
The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.
He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.
His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

American Leaders and Heroes

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of American Leaders and Heroes is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.
Line 2
The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.
/ðə ˈstiːmboʊt ənd ðə ˈreɪlroʊd meɪd ˈtrævəl ənd ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən ˈiːziər ənd ˈfriːkwənt ˈɪntərkɔːrs baɪ ˈletərz ənd ˈnuːzpeɪpərz ˈpɑːsəbəl bʌt ðə ɪˈlektrɪk ˈteləɡræf eˈneɪbəld men tuː flæʃ ðer θɔːts ˈθaʊzəndz ʌv maɪlz ɪn ə fjuː ˈsekəndz/
Line 3
The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.
Line 4
He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.
Line 5
His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.
/hɪz ˈfɑːðər wɑːz ə lɜːrnd ˈmɪnəstər huː æz ˈdænjəl ˈwebstər sed wɑːz ˈɔːlweɪz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ˈɔːlweɪz ˈraɪtɪŋ ˈɔːlweɪz ˈtɔːkɪŋ ˈɔːlweɪz ˈæktɪŋ ənd hɪz ˈmʌðər ə ˈwʊmən ʌv ˈnoʊbəl ˈkerɪktər huː ˌɪnˈspaɪərd hɜːr sʌn wɪð ˈmænli ˈpɜːrpəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Breed's noun US /briːdz/

possessive form of “breed” — a special variety of domesticated animals within a species

From this reading “He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.”

Charlestown noun US /ˈtʃɑːrlstaʊn/

a former town and present-day neighborhood of Boston; settled in 1629

From this reading “He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.”

communities noun US /kəˈmjuːnətiz/

plural of “community” — a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading “Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.”

mechanism noun US /ˈmekənɪzəm/

the atomic process that occurs during a chemical reaction

From this reading “The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.”

Morse noun US /mɔːrs/

a telegraph code in which letters and numbers are represented by strings of dots and dashes (short and long signals)

From this reading “Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.”

quickening noun US /ˈkwɪkənɪŋ/

the process of showing signs of life

From this reading “Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.”

steamboat noun US /ˈstiːmboʊt/

a boat propelled by a steam engine

From this reading “Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.”

transportation noun US /ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

From this reading “The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Electric Telegraph adjective + noun

In this reading “Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.”

few seconds adjective + noun counted as “few second”

In this reading “The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.”

social life adjective + noun

In this reading “Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.”

noble character adjective + noun

In this reading “His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.”

of mankind preposition + noun

In this reading “Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.”

at the foot preposition + article + noun counted as “at … foot”

In this reading “He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1791

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

1872

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

actingnounUS /ˈæktɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

bindingnounUS /ˈbaɪndɪŋ/

the capacity to attract and hold something

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

Breed'snounUS /briːdz/

possessive form of “breed” — a special variety of domesticated animals within a species

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

Breese

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

CharlestownnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrlstaʊn/

a former town and present-day neighborhood of Boston; settled in 1629

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

communitiesnounUS /kəˈmjuːnətiz/

plural of “community” — a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

DanielnounUS /ˈdænjəl/

(Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

easieradjectiveUS /ˈiːziər/

comparative of “easy” — posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

ElectricadjectiveUS /ɪˈlektrɪk/

using or providing or producing or transmitting or operated by electricity

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

enabledverbUS /eˈneɪbəld/

past form of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

Finley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

flashverbUS /flæʃ/

gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

frequentverbUS /ˈfriːkwənt/

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

HillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

inspiredadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪərd/

being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

intercoursenounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

inventionnounUS /ˌɪnˈvenʃən/

the creation of something in the mind

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

inventornounUS /ˌɪnˈventər/

someone who is the first to think of or make something

From this reading The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

manlyadjectiveUS /ˈmænli/

possessing qualities befitting a man

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

MassnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

mechanismnounUS /ˈmekənɪzəm/

the atomic process that occurs during a chemical reaction

From this reading The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

ministernounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

MorsenounUS /mɔːrs/

a telegraph code in which letters and numbers are represented by strings of dots and dashes (short and long signals)

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

newspapersnounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpərz/

plural of “newspaper” — a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

quickeningnounUS /ˈkwɪkənɪŋ/

the process of showing signs of life

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

railroadnounUS /ˈreɪlroʊd/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

remoteadjectiveUS /rɪˈmoʊt/

located far away spatially

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

SamuelnounUS /ˈsæmjuːl/

(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

secondsnounUS /ˈsekəndz/

plural of “second” — 1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading He was born, in 1791, in a house standing at the foot of Breed's Hill, Charlestown, Mass.

steamboatnounUS /ˈstiːmboʊt/

a boat propelled by a steam engine

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

talkingnounUS /ˈtɔːkɪŋ/

an exchange of ideas via conversation

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

TelegraphnounUS /ˈteləɡræf/

apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code)

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

transportationnounUS /ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

travelverbUS /ˈtrævəl/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The steamboat and the railroad made travel and transportation easier, and frequent intercourse by letters and newspapers possible; but the electric telegraph enabled men to flash their thoughts thousands of miles in a few seconds.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Samuel Finley Breese Morse and the Electric Telegraph [1791-1872] Great as was the power of the steamboat and the railroad in quickening the social life of mankind, of still greater influence in binding together remote communities was the invention of the electric telegraph.

WebsternounUS /ˈwebstər/

English playwright (1580-1625)

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading The inventor of this wonderful mechanism was Samuel Finley Breese Morse.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading His father was a learned minister who, as Daniel Webster said, "was always thinking, always writing, always talking, always acting"; and his mother a woman of noble character, who inspired her son with manly purpose.

Chapter 23 of American Leaders and Heroes by Wilbur F. (Wilbur Fisk) Gordy holds 119 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of American Leaders and Heroes contain?

Chapter 23 holds 119 sentences of American Leaders and Heroes, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of American Leaders and Heroes by Wilbur F. (Wilbur Fisk) Gordy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 119 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of American Leaders and Heroes?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading American Leaders and Heroes

Common questions about reading American Leaders and Heroes by Wilbur F. (Wilbur Fisk) Gordy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of American Leaders and Heroes?

Yes. All 3757 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35742 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of American Leaders and Heroes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35742, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does American Leaders and Heroes take to read?

About 313 minutes of reading across 752 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read American Leaders and Heroes section by section

How to work through American Leaders and Heroes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of American Leaders and Heroes to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in American Leaders and Heroes

Words and structures a reader meets early in American Leaders and Heroes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Teaching
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Girls
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Twelve
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Leaders and Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.