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American literary masters
American literary masters

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of American literary masters is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
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II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.
Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.
Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.
The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.
‘Doubtless his growth was stimulated by kindred ideas.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

American literary masters

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of American literary masters is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.
Line 2
Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.
Line 3
Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.
/bɪˈkɔːz hiː wɑːz ə rɪˈkluːs ənd ə ˈstoʊɪk ənd bɪˈkɔːz hɪz ˈletərz wɜːr ˈedətəd ɪn ə weɪ tuː ˈemfəsaɪz hɪz ˈstoʊ.ɪ.sɪ.zəm hiː hæz bɪn θɔːt tuː læk ðə ˈhjuːmən ənd ˈfrendli ˈkwɑːlətiz/
Line 4
The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.
/ðə tʃɑːrdʒ ʌv ˌɪməˈteɪʃən hæz bɪn rɪˈfjuːtɪd baɪ ðoʊz huː nuː hɪm best/
Line 5
‘Doubtless his growth was stimulated by kindred ideas.
/ˈdaʊtləs hɪz ɡroʊθ wɑːz ˈstɪmjəleɪtɪd baɪ ˈkɪndrɪd aɪˈdiːəz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Emerson's noun US /ˈemərsənz/

possessive form of “emerson” — United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882)

emphasize verb US /ˈemfəsaɪz/

to stress, single out as important

From this reading “Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.”

imitator noun US /ˈɪməteɪtər/

someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another

From this reading “Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.”

Orphic adjective US /ˈɔːrfɪk/

ascribed to Orpheus or characteristic of ideas in works ascribed to Orpheus

From this reading “Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.”

poseur noun US /ˈpoʊzər/

a person who habitually pretends to be something he is not

From this reading “II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.”

refuted verb US /rɪˈfjuːtɪd/

past form of “refute” — overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof

From this reading “The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.”

stoic noun US /ˈstoʊɪk/

a member of the ancient Greek school of philosophy founded by Zeno

From this reading “Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.”

stoicism noun US /ˈstoʊ.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/

An ancient Greek and Roman philosophy holding that virtue is the only true good, and that emotional self-control leads to inner serenity.

From this reading “Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gain the reputation verb + article + noun counted as “gain … reputation”

In this reading “II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.”

charge of verb + particle

In this reading “The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

affectedadjectiveUS /əˈfektɪd/

acted upon; influenced

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

BecauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

belovedadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

CHARACTERnounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

contrivedadjectiveUS /kənˈtraɪvd/

showing effects of planning or manipulation

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

DoubtlessadverbUS /ˈdaʊtləs/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading ‘Doubtless his growth was stimulated by kindred ideas.

editedadjectiveUS /ˈedətəd/

improved or corrected by critical editing

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

Emerson'snounUS /ˈemərsənz/

possessive form of “emerson” — United States writer and leading exponent of transcendentalism (1803-1882)

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

Emersonian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

emphasizeverbUS /ˈemfəsaɪz/

to stress, single out as important

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

friendlyadjectiveUS /ˈfrendli/

characteristic of or befitting a friend

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading ‘Doubtless his growth was stimulated by kindred ideas.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

ideasnounUS /aɪˈdiːəz/

plural of “idea” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading ‘Doubtless his growth was stimulated by kindred ideas.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

imitationnounUS /ˌɪməˈteɪʃən/

the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

imitatornounUS /ˈɪməteɪtər/

someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

kindredadjectiveUS /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading ‘Doubtless his growth was stimulated by kindred ideas.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

lacknounUS /læk/

the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

modenounUS /moʊd/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

nosenounUS /noʊz/

the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

OrphicadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrfɪk/

ascribed to Orpheus or characteristic of ideas in works ascribed to Orpheus

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

poseurnounUS /ˈpoʊzər/

a person who habitually pretends to be something he is not

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

posingnounUS /ˈpoʊzɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

qualitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːlətiz/

plural of “quality” — an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

reclusenounUS /rɪˈkluːs/

one who lives in solitude

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

refutedverbUS /rɪˈfjuːtɪd/

past form of “refute” — overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

seer-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

somehowadverbUS /ˈsʌmhaʊ/

in some unspecified way or manner; or by some unspecified means

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

stimulatedadjectiveUS /ˈstɪmjəleɪtɪd/

emotionally aroused

From this reading ‘Doubtless his growth was stimulated by kindred ideas.

stoicnounUS /ˈstoʊɪk/

a member of the ancient Greek school of philosophy founded by Zeno

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

stoicismnounUS /ˈstoʊ.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/

An ancient Greek and Roman philosophy holding that virtue is the only true good, and that emotional self-control leads to inner serenity.

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

ThoreaunounUS /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

THOREAU'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Because he was a recluse and a stoic, and because his letters were edited in a way to emphasize his stoicism, he has been thought to lack the human and friendly qualities.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Because his nose was more Emersonian than Emerson’s, because he lived for a time at Emerson’s house (where he was beloved by every member of the family), and because he affected the Orphic and seer-like mode of expression, he was called an imitator.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The charge of imitation has been refuted by those who knew him best.

WithoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading II THOREAU’S CHARACTER Without posing, Thoreau contrived somehow to gain the reputation of a poseur.

Chapter 9 of American literary masters by Leon H. (Leon Henry) Vincent holds 409 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of American literary masters contain?

Chapter 9 holds 409 sentences of American literary masters, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of American literary masters by Leon H. (Leon Henry) Vincent exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 409 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of American literary masters?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading American literary masters

Common questions about reading American literary masters by Leon H. (Leon Henry) Vincent on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of American literary masters?

Yes. All 4991 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68683 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of American literary masters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68683, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does American literary masters take to read?

About 415 minutes of reading across 999 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read American literary masters section by section

How to work through American literary masters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of American literary masters to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in American literary masters

Words and structures a reader meets early in American literary masters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American literary masters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enclosed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American literary masters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American literary masters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boldface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American literary masters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.