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American Sketches
American Sketches

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of American Sketches is here in full — 435 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for American Sketches
Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.
They make nothing, they produce nothing, they invent nothing.
They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.
Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.
Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

American Sketches

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of American Sketches is here in full — 435 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.
/laɪk ðə naɪts ʌv oʊld ðeɪ tɔɪl nɑːt ˈniːðər duː ðeɪ spɪn/
Line 2
They make nothing, they produce nothing, they invent nothing.
/ðeɪ meɪk ˈnʌθɪŋ ðeɪ prəˈduːs ˈnʌθɪŋ ðeɪ ˌɪnˈvent ˈnʌθɪŋ/
Line 3
They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.
Line 4
Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.
/jet ðeɪ tuː mʌst ˈkʌltəveɪt ðə ˈlæŋɡwədʒ ʌv ˈsentəmənt/
Line 5
Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cultivate verb US /ˈkʌltəveɪt/

foster the growth of

From this reading “Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.”

gamble verb US /ˈɡæmbəl/

take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome

From this reading “They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.”

invent verb US /ˌɪnˈvent/

come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading “They make nothing, they produce nothing, they invent nothing.”

lulls noun US /lʌlz/

plural of “lull” — a pause during which things are calm or activities are diminished

From this reading “Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.”

philanthropy noun US /fɪˈlænθrəpi/

voluntary promotion of human welfare

From this reading “Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.”

profitable adjective US /ˈprɑːfətəbəl/

yielding material gain or profit

From this reading “They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.”

savings noun US /ˈseɪvɪŋz/

a fund of money put by as a reserve

From this reading “They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.”

spin verb US /spɪn/

revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis

From this reading “Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

consciencenounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəns/

motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

cultivateverbUS /ˈkʌltəveɪt/

foster the growth of

From this reading Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

dollarnounUS /ˈdɑːlər/

the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

gambleverbUS /ˈɡæmbəl/

take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

incubusnoun

a male demon believed to lie on sleeping persons and to have sexual intercourse with sleeping women

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

infinitelyadverbUS /ˈɪnfənətli/

without bounds

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

inventverbUS /ˌɪnˈvent/

come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading They make nothing, they produce nothing, they invent nothing.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

LikeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

lullsnounUS /lʌlz/

plural of “lull” — a pause during which things are calm or activities are diminished

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading They make nothing, they produce nothing, they invent nothing.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading They make nothing, they produce nothing, they invent nothing.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

philanthropynounUS /fɪˈlænθrəpi/

voluntary promotion of human welfare

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

phrasenounUS /freɪz/

an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

pretendverbUS /priˈtend/

make believe with the intent to deceive

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

produceverbUS /prəˈduːs/

bring forth or yield

From this reading They make nothing, they produce nothing, they invent nothing.

profitableadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːfətəbəl/

yielding material gain or profit

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

provesverbUS /pruːvz/

third-person singular of “prove” — be shown or be found to be

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

savingsnounUS /ˈseɪvɪŋz/

a fund of money put by as a reserve

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

sentimentnounUS /ˈsentəmənt/

tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

sparedverbUS /sperd/

past form of “spare” — refrain from harming

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

spinverbUS /spɪn/

revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

swiftlyadverbUS /ˈswɪftli/

in a swift manner

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

toilverbUS /tɔɪl/

work hard

From this reading Like the knights of old, they toil not neither do they spin.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.

tranquillyadverb

without emotional agitation

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They merely gamble with the savings of others, and find the business infinitely profitable.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Though the world is spared the incubus of their philanthropy, they must pretend, in phrase at least, that they are doing good, and their satisfaction proves that nothing so swiftly and tranquilly lulls the conscience to sleep as the dollar.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet they, too, must cultivate the language of sentiment.

Chapter 4 of American Sketches by Charles Whibley holds 435 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of American Sketches contain?

Chapter 4 holds 435 sentences of American Sketches, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of American Sketches by Charles Whibley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 435 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of American Sketches?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading American Sketches

Common questions about reading American Sketches by Charles Whibley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of American Sketches?

Yes. All 2245 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25786 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of American Sketches is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25786, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does American Sketches take to read?

About 187 minutes of reading across 449 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read American Sketches section by section

How to work through American Sketches section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 5 chapters of American Sketches to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in American Sketches

Words and structures a reader meets early in American Sketches, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Blackwood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sketches
A word that appears in the opening chapter of American Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.