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An American tragedy, v. 1
An American tragedy, v. 1

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of An American tragedy, v. 1 is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
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The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.
He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.
For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.
There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.
Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An American tragedy, v. 1

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of An American tragedy, v. 1 is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.
/ðə klaɪd huːm ˈsæmjuːl ˈɡrɪfɪθs dɪˈskraɪbd æz ˈhævɪŋ met æt ðə ˈjuːnjən liːɡ klʌb ɪn ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ wɑːz ə ˈsʌmˈwʌt ˈmɑːdəfaɪd ˈvɜːrʒən ʌv ðə wʌn huː hæd fled frʌm ˈkænzəs ˈsɪti θriː jɪrz bɪˈfɔːr/
Line 2
He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.
/hiː wɑːz naʊ ˈtwenti ə ˈlɪtəl ˈtɔːlər ənd mɔːr ˈfɜːrmli bʌt ˈskersli ˈeni mɔːr ˌroʊˈbʌstli bɪlt ənd kənˈsɪdərəbli mɔːr ɪkˈspɪriənst ʌv kɔːrs/
Line 3
For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.
Line 4
There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.
/ðer wɑːz əˈbaʊt hɪm naʊ ˌɔːlˈðoʊ hiː wɑːz nɑːt ˈnɪrli soʊ ˈsmɑːrtli drest æz wen hiː left ˈkænzəs ˈsɪti ə kaɪnd ʌv ˈkɑːnʃəs dʒenˈtɪlɪti ʌv ˈmænər wɪtʃ pliːzd ˈiːvɪn ðoʊ ɪt dɪd nɑːt æt fɜːrst ərˈest əˈtenʃən/
Line 5
Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.
/ˈɔːlsoʊ ənd ðɪs wɑːz kənˈsɪdərəbli ˈdɪfərənt frʌm ðə klaɪd huː hæd krept əˈweɪ frʌm ˈkænzəs ˈsɪti ɪn ə bɑːks kɑːr hiː hæd mʌtʃ mɔːr ʌv æn er ʌv ˈkɑːʃən ənd rɪˈzɜːrv/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

compulsion noun US /kəmˈpʌlʃən/

an urge to do or say something that might be better left undone or unsaid

From this reading “For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.”

credited adjective US /ˈkredətəd/

(usually followed by “to”) given credit for

From this reading “For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.”

gentility noun US /dʒenˈtɪlɪti/

elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression

From this reading “There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.”

Griffiths noun US /ˈɡrɪfɪθs/

plural of “griffith” — United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)

From this reading “The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.”

intimates noun US /ˈɪntəməts/

plural of “intimate” — someone to whom private matters are confided

From this reading “For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.”

robustly adverb US /ˌroʊˈbʌstli/

in a robust manner

From this reading “He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.”

smartly adverb US /ˈsmɑːrtli/

in a clever manner

From this reading “There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.”

smoothness noun US /ˈsmuːðnəs/

a texture without roughness; smooth to the touch

From this reading “For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

smartly dressed adverb + adjective

In this reading “There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.”

rough usage adjective + noun

In this reading “For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.”

three years noun + noun

In this reading “The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.”

fled from verb + particle counted as “flee from”

In this reading “The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.”

since leaving preposition + noun

In this reading “For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.”

considerably more adverb + adjective

In this reading “He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.”

crept away verb + particle counted as “creep away”

In this reading “Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

AlsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

arrestverbUS /ərˈest/

take into custody

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

boxnounUS /bɑːks/

a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

carnounUS /kɑːr/

a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

cautionnounUS /ˈkɑːʃən/

the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

ChicagonounUS /ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ/

largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

CitynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

ClubnounUS /klʌb/

a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

ClydenounUS /klaɪd/

a river in western Scotland that flows from the southern uplands into the Firth of Clyde; navigable by oceangoing vessels as far as Glasgow

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

compulsionnounUS /kəmˈpʌlʃən/

an urge to do or say something that might be better left undone or unsaid

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

consciousadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnʃəs/

intentionally conceived

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

considerablyadverbUS /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

contactnounUS /ˈkɑːntækt/

close interaction

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

creditedadjectiveUS /ˈkredətəd/

(usually followed by “to”) given credit for

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

creptverbUS /krept/

inflected form of “creep” — move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

developedadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpt/

being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

experiencedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspɪriənst/

having experience; having knowledge or skill from observation or participation

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

firmlyadverbUS /ˈfɜːrmli/

with resolute determination

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

fledverbUS /fled/

inflected form of “flee” — run away quickly

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

gentilitynounUS /dʒenˈtɪlɪti/

elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

GriffithsnounUS /ˈɡrɪfɪθs/

plural of “griffith” — United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

intimatesnounUS /ˈɪntəməts/

plural of “intimate” — someone to whom private matters are confided

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

KansasnounUS /ˈkænzəs/

a state in midwestern United States

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

LeaguenounUS /liːɡ/

an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

modifiedadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdəfaɪd/

changed in form or character

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

plusnounUS /plʌs/

a useful or valuable quality

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

reservenounUS /rɪˈzɜːrv/

formality and propriety of manner

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

robustlyadverbUS /ˌroʊˈbʌstli/

in a robust manner

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

roomsnounUS /ruːmz/

apartment consisting of a series of connected rooms used as a living unit (as in a hotel)

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

SamuelnounUS /ˈsæmjuːl/

(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

self-reliancenoun

personal independence

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

smartlyadverbUS /ˈsmɑːrtli/

in a clever manner

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

smoothnessnounUS /ˈsmuːðnəs/

a texture without roughness; smooth to the touch

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

talleradjectiveUS /ˈtɔːlər/

comparative of “tall” — great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

tasksnounUS /tæsks/

plural of “task” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Also, and this was considerably different from the Clyde who had crept away from Kansas City in a box car, he had much more of an air of caution and reserve.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading He was now twenty, a little taller and more firmly but scarcely any more robustly built, and considerably more experienced, of course.

UnionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

usagenounUS /ˈjuːsədʒ/

the act of using

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

versionnounUS /ˈvɜːrʒən/

an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There was about him now, although he was not nearly so smartly dressed as when he left Kansas City, a kind of conscious gentility of manner which pleased, even though it did not at first arrest attention.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading For since leaving his home and work in Kansas City and coming in contact with some rough usage in the world--humble tasks, wretched rooms, no intimates to speak of, plus the compulsion to make his own way as best he might--he had developed a kind of self-reliance and smoothness of address such as one would scarcely have credited him with three years before.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The Clyde whom Samuel Griffiths described as having met at the Union League Club in Chicago, was a somewhat modified version of the one who had fled from Kansas City three years before.

Chapter 16 of An American tragedy, v. 1 by Theodore Dreiser holds 410 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of An American tragedy, v. 1 contain?

Chapter 16 holds 410 sentences of An American tragedy, v. 1, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of An American tragedy, v. 1 by Theodore Dreiser exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 410 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of An American tragedy, v. 1?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading An American tragedy, v. 1

Common questions about reading An American tragedy, v. 1 by Theodore Dreiser on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 9604 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75181 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #75181, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does An American tragedy, v. 1 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1921 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through An American tragedy, v. 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in An American tragedy, v. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in An American tragedy, v. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
United
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
States
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.