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An American tragedy, v. 1
An American tragedy, v. 1

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of An American tragedy, v. 1 is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.
For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.
She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.
And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.
Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An American tragedy, v. 1

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of An American tragedy, v. 1 is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.
Line 2
For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.
/fɔːr ˈsʌmˈwʌt ˈæftər ðə ˈfæʃən ʌv klaɪd ɪn riˈleɪʃən tuː hɪz ˈfæməli ənd hɪz laɪf ʃiː tuː kənˈsɪdərd hɜːr laɪf ə ɡreɪt ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/
Line 3
She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.
Line 4
And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.
/ənd frʌm hɜːr juːθ ʌp ʃiː hæd siːn ˈlɪtəl bʌt ˈpɑːvərti/
Line 5
Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bordering verb US /ˈbɔːrdərɪŋ/

-ing form of “border” — extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle

From this reading “Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.”

Clyde noun US /klaɪd/

a river in western Scotland that flows from the southern uplands into the Firth of Clyde; navigable by oceangoing vessels as far as Glasgow

From this reading “For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.”

Griffiths noun US /ˈɡrɪfɪθs/

plural of “griffith” — United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)

From this reading “The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.”

repair noun US /rɪˈper/

the act of putting something in working order again

From this reading “Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.”

Titus noun US /ˈtaɪtəs/

a Greek disciple and helper of Saint Paul

From this reading “She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.”

unsuccessful adjective US /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfəl/

not successful; having failed or having an unfavorable outcome

From this reading “Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.”

willed verb US /wɪld/

past form of “will” — decree or ordain

From this reading “Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.”

youngest adjective US /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading “Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fifty miles noun + noun counted as “fifty mile”

In this reading “She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.”

reasons why noun + noun counted as “reason why”

In this reading “The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.”

miles north noun + noun counted as “mile north”

In this reading “She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.”

after the fashion preposition + article + noun counted as “after … fashion”

to some extent; not very well

In this reading “For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.”

great disappointment adjective + noun

In this reading “For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.”

small town adjective + noun

a community of people smaller than a town

In this reading “She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.”

still living adjective + noun

In this reading “Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.”

some fifty adjective + noun

In this reading “She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

Alden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

Biltz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

borderingverbUS /ˈbɔːrdərɪŋ/

-ing form of “border” — extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

capacitynounUS /kəˈpæsəti/

capability to perform or produce

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

ClydenounUS /klaɪd/

a river in western Scotland that flows from the southern uplands into the Firth of Clyde; navigable by oceangoing vessels as far as Glasgow

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

CompanynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

CountynounUS /ˈkaʊnti/

(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

dilapidationnoun

a state of deterioration due to old age or long use

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

disappointmentnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/

a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

employmentnounUS /emˈplɔɪmənt/

the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

Ephraim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

farmernounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

forty-eightadjective

being eight more than forty

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

GriffithsnounUS /ˈɡrɪfɪθs/

plural of “griffith” — United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

Mimico

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

reasonsnounUS /ˈriːzənz/

plural of “reason” — a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

repairnounUS /rɪˈper/

the act of putting something in working order again

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

Roberta's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

seekingnounUS /ˈsiːkɪŋ/

the act of searching for something

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

TitusnounUS /ˈtaɪtəs/

a Greek disciple and helper of Saint Paul

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading For, somewhat after the fashion of Clyde in relation to his family and his life, she too considered her life a great disappointment.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

unsuccessfuladjectiveUS /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfəl/

not successful; having failed or having an unfavorable outcome

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was the daughter of Titus Alden, a farmer--of near Biltz, a small town in Mimico County, some fifty miles north.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

willedverbUS /wɪld/

past form of “will” — decree or ordain

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The reasons why a girl of Roberta's type should be seeking employment with Griffiths and Company at this time and in this capacity are of some point.

youngestadjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Her father--the youngest of three sons of Ephraim Alden, a farmer in this region before him--was so unsuccessful that at forty-eight he was still living in a house which, though old and much in need of repair at the time his father willed it to him, was now bordering upon a state of dilapidation.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading And from her youth up she had seen little but poverty.

Chapter 23 of An American tragedy, v. 1 by Theodore Dreiser holds 199 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of An American tragedy, v. 1 contain?

Chapter 23 holds 199 sentences of An American tragedy, v. 1, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of An American tragedy, v. 1 by Theodore Dreiser exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 199 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of An American tragedy, v. 1?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading An American tragedy, v. 1

Common questions about reading An American tragedy, v. 1 by Theodore Dreiser on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of An American tragedy, v. 1?

Yes. All 9604 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75181 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of An American tragedy, v. 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #75181, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does An American tragedy, v. 1 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1921 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read An American tragedy, v. 1 section by section

How to work through An American tragedy, v. 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in An American tragedy, v. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in An American tragedy, v. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
United
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
States
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An American tragedy, v. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.