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An Elementary Study of Insects
An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter V

Cover illustration for An Elementary Study of Insects
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.
War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.
In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.
The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.
It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter V

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.
Line 2
War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.
Line 3
In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.
Line 4
The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.
Line 5
It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.”

Hands plural noun US /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading “It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.”

Open verb US /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading “It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

account

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

alleys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

babies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

back

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

battle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

breeds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

campaigns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

closets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

comes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

compare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

contagious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

dangerous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.

deadly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

death

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

disease

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

diseases

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

due

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

feeds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

filth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

filthy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

find

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

FLY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

foes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

food

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

germ-laden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

habits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.

handsplural nounUS /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

helpless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

hospitals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

HOUSE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

important

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

insects

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.

lives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

lost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

man's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

mouths

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The fly is dangerous on account of its filthy habits.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

pest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

played

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

recent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

slop-barrels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

Spain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

streets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

strife

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

transmission

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

TYPHOID

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

waged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

War

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE HOUSE FLY OR TYPHOID FLY In the house fly we find one of man's most deadly foes.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In our recent strife with Spain we lost a few lives in battle, but we lost many more in hospitals due to contagious diseases, in the transmission of which this pest played a most important part.

wipes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It breeds in filth, feeds on filth in open closets, slop-barrels, on the streets and in back alleys and then comes into the house and wipes this germ-laden filth on our food or on the hands or even in the mouths of helpless babies.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading War can not compare with the campaigns of disease and death waged by this most filthy of all insects.