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An Elementary Study of Insects
An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter XI

Cover illustration for An Elementary Study of Insects
Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
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THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.
Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.
They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.
Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.
This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter XI

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.
Line 2
Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.
Line 3
They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.
Line 4
Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.
Line 5
This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.”

May modal verb US /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

breeds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

carpet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

children

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

coiled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

crops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

dies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

eaten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

familiar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

fat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

feeding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

followed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

furrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

grass

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

ground

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

GRUB

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

grubs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

injure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

insect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

JUNE-BUG

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

largely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

lawns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

meadows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

off

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

Often

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

planted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

plants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

plow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

plowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

rich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

roll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

rolled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

roots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

seen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

severely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

sod

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

stage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

strips

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Often all the roots of grass in lawns and meadows are eaten off and the sod dies and can be rolled up like strips of carpet.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are in the ground feeding on the roots of plants.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

turns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading This insect breeds largely in sod and when this is plowed under and other crops are planted the grubs may injure them severely.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.

WHITE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE WHITE GRUB OR JUNE-BUG This insect is more familiar to country children in the grub stage.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Every one who has followed a plow in rich sod land has seen these fat, white coiled grubs roll down into the furrow when the plow turns them up.