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An Elementary Study of Insects
An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of An Elementary Study of Insects is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for An Elementary Study of Insects
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.
It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.
When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.
This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.
Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of An Elementary Study of Insects is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.
Line 2
It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.
/ɪt hæz ə ˈveri ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl ˈoʊdər wɪtʃ ɡɪvz ɪt ðɪs neɪm/
Line 3
When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.
/wen dɪˈstɜːrbd ɪt θroʊz ɔːf frʌm sɛnt ɡlændz ə smɔːl ˈkwɑːntəti ʌv æn ˈɔɪli ˈsʌbstəns wɪtʃ prəˈduːsəz ðɪs ˈoʊdər/
Line 4
This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.
/ðɪs ɪz ə prəˈtekʃən tuː ɪt fɔːr fjuː bɜːrdz ɔːr ˈænəməlz ker tuː fiːd ɑːn ɪt/
Line 5
Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.
/moʊst ˈspiːʃiz ʌv sæp ɔːr blʌd ˈsʌkɪŋ truː bʌɡz hæv ə ˈsɪmələr prəˈtektɪŋ ˈoʊdər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bug noun US /bʌɡ/

general term for any insect or similar creeping or crawling invertebrate

From this reading “THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.”

bugs noun US /bʌɡz/

plural of “bug” — general term for any insect or similar creeping or crawling invertebrate

From this reading “Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.”

glands noun US /ɡlændz/

plural of “gland” — any of various organs that synthesize substances needed by the body and release it through ducts or directly into the bloodstream

From this reading “When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.”

oily adjective US /ˈɔɪli/

containing an unusual amount of grease or oil

From this reading “When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.”

produces noun US /prəˈduːsəz/

plural of “produce” — fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market

From this reading “When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.”

sap verb US /sæp/

deplete

From this reading “Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.”

squash verb US /skwɑːʃ/

to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition

From this reading “THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.”

sucking noun US /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

the act of sucking

From this reading “Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

blackishadjective

of something that is somewhat black

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

BUGnounUS /bʌɡ/

general term for any insect or similar creeping or crawling invertebrate

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

bugsnounUS /bʌɡz/

plural of “bug” — general term for any insect or similar creeping or crawling invertebrate

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

disagreeableadjectiveUS /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl/

not to your liking

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

earth-colored

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

feedverbUS /fiːd/

provide as food

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

glandsnounUS /ɡlændz/

plural of “gland” — any of various organs that synthesize substances needed by the body and release it through ducts or directly into the bloodstream

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

MostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

odornounUS /ˈoʊdər/

any property detected by the olfactory system

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

oilyadjectiveUS /ˈɔɪli/

containing an unusual amount of grease or oil

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

producesnounUS /prəˈduːsəz/

plural of “produce” — fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

protectingadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪŋ/

shielding (or designed to shield) against harm or discomfort

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

protectionnounUS /prəˈtekʃən/

the activity of protecting someone or something

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

sapverbUS /sæp/

deplete

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

scentnounUS /sɛnt/

A distinctive smell or aroma.

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

similaradjectiveUS /ˈsɪmələr/

marked by correspondence or resemblance

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

SQUASHverbUS /skwɑːʃ/

to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

stink-bug

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

suckingnounUS /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

the act of sucking

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

throwsnounUS /θroʊz/

plural of “throw” — the act of throwing (propelling something with a rapid movement of the arm and wrist)

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This is a protection to it for few birds or animals care to feed on it.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading Most species of sap or blood sucking true bugs have a similar protecting odor.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading THE SQUASH BUG This common blackish or earth-colored bug is usually called the squash stink-bug.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When disturbed it throws off from scent glands a small quantity of an oily substance which produces this odor.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It has a very disagreeable odor which gives it this name.

Chapter 15 of An Elementary Study of Insects by Leonard Haseman holds 64 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of An Elementary Study of Insects contain?

Chapter 15 holds 64 sentences of An Elementary Study of Insects, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of An Elementary Study of Insects by Leonard Haseman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 64 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of An Elementary Study of Insects?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading An Elementary Study of Insects

Common questions about reading An Elementary Study of Insects by Leonard Haseman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of An Elementary Study of Insects?

Yes. All 910 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23434 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of An Elementary Study of Insects is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23434, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does An Elementary Study of Insects take to read?

About 75 minutes of reading across 182 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read An Elementary Study of Insects section by section

How to work through An Elementary Study of Insects section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of An Elementary Study of Insects to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in An Elementary Study of Insects

Words and structures a reader meets early in An Elementary Study of Insects, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Discussion
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Elementary Study of Insects; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Behavior
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Elementary Study of Insects; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Colony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Elementary Study of Insects; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Remarkable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Elementary Study of Insects; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.