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An Elementary Study of Insects
An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter XVI

Cover illustration for An Elementary Study of Insects
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
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THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.
If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.
If the study is made in the fall the species on turnips, corn or other plant or crop may be selected.
The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.
The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An Elementary Study of Insects

Chapter XVI

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.
Line 2
If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.
Line 3
If the study is made in the fall the species on turnips, corn or other plant or crop may be selected.
Line 4
The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.
Line 5
The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Apple noun US /apple/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.”

Different noun US /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.”

May modal verb US /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

aphis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

applenounUS /apple/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

available

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

chapter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

clover

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

common

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

corn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the fall the species on turnips, corn or other plant or crop may be selected.

crop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

crops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

differentnounUS /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

fall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the fall the species on turnips, corn or other plant or crop may be selected.

feeds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

greatly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

injuring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

insect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

louse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

multiplies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

often

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

plant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the fall the species on turnips, corn or other plant or crop may be selected.

PLANT-LOUSE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

rapidly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

rose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

sap-sucking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

satisfactory

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

selected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the fall the species on turnips, corn or other plant or crop may be selected.

seriously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

species

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

spring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

studies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

study

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

turnips

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the fall the species on turnips, corn or other plant or crop may be selected.

used

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PLANT-LOUSE For this chapter any common species of plant-louse may be used.

vary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.

wheat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the study is made in the spring the louse on rose, apple, clover, wheat or any other crop may be used.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The plant-louse or aphis is a sap-sucking insect which feeds and multiplies rapidly often seriously injuring crops.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The different species vary greatly but for these studies any available species will be satisfactory.