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An Englishman Looks at the World
An Englishman Looks at the World

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of An Englishman Looks at the World is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for An Englishman Looks at the World
Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Sec.
8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.
The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.
Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.
In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An Englishman Looks at the World

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of An Englishman Looks at the World is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Sec.
/sek/
Line 2
8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.
Line 3
The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.
/ðə ˈfɑːðərz ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri ˈsɜːrtənli dɪd ˈpɑːstʃəleɪt ə niːd ʌv ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsətiz ənd ɪn ˈevəri steɪt ˈkɑːŋɡrəs set əˈsaɪd ˈpʌblɪk lændz tuː ˈfɜːrnɪʃ ə ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti wɪð məˈtɪriəl ˈriːsɔːrsɪz/
Line 4
Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.
Line 5
In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.
/ɪn ðə deɪz ʌv sɪnˈsɪr dɪˈmɑːkrəsi ðə stɑːrˈveɪʃən ʌv ˈɡʌvərmənt ənd ðə dɪˈslaɪk ʌv ɔːl ˈmænəfest ˌɪnəˈkwɑːlɪtiz ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd ðə stɑːrˈveɪʃən ʌv ˈhaɪər ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

democracy noun US /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/

the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives

From this reading “In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.”

inequalities noun US /ˌɪnəˈkwɑːlɪtiz/

plural of “inequality” — lack of equality

From this reading “In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.”

institutions noun US /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “institution” — an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading “Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.”

possesses verb US /pəˈzesəz/

third-person singular of “possess” — have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading “Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.”

postulate verb US /ˈpɑːstʃəleɪt/

maintain or assert

From this reading “The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.”

Sec noun US /sek/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading “Sec.”

starvation noun US /stɑːrˈveɪʃən/

a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period

From this reading “In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.”

universities noun US /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsətiz/

plural of “university” — the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading “8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

8

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

aristocracynounUS /ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

class-consciousness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

CongressnounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/

the legislature of the United States government

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

democracynounUS /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/

the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

dislikenounUS /dɪˈslaɪk/

an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

fathersnounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

plural of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

feeblenessnoun

the state of being weak in health or body (especially from old age)

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

furnishverbUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

inequalitiesnounUS /ˌɪnəˈkwɑːlɪtiz/

plural of “inequality” — lack of equality

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

instancesnounUS /ˈɪnstənsəz/

plural of “instance” — an occurrence of something

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

institutionsnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “institution” — an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

manifestverbUS /ˈmænəfest/

provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

materialadjectiveUS /məˈtɪriəl/

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

possessesverbUS /pəˈzesəz/

third-person singular of “possess” — have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

postulateverbUS /ˈpɑːstʃəleɪt/

maintain or assert

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

resourcesnounUS /ˈriːsɔːrsɪz/

plural of “resource” — available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

SecnounUS /sek/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Sec.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

sincereadjectiveUS /sɪnˈsɪr/

open and genuine; not deceitful

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

starvationnounUS /stɑːrˈveɪʃən/

a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period

From this reading In the days of sincere democracy the starvation of government and the dislike of all manifest inequalities involved the starvation of higher education.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Every State possesses a university, though in many instances these institutions are in the last degree of feebleness.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

universitiesnounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsətiz/

plural of “university” — the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

universitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading The fathers of the country certainly did postulate a need of universities, and in every state Congress set aside public lands to furnish a university with material resources.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading 8 The American universities are closely connected in their development with the appearance and growing class-consciousness of this aristocracy of wealth.

Chapter 8 of An Englishman Looks at the World by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells holds 441 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of An Englishman Looks at the World contain?

Chapter 8 holds 441 sentences of An Englishman Looks at the World, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of An Englishman Looks at the World by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 441 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of An Englishman Looks at the World?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading An Englishman Looks at the World

Common questions about reading An Englishman Looks at the World by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of An Englishman Looks at the World?

Yes. All 3515 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11502 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of An Englishman Looks at the World is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11502, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does An Englishman Looks at the World take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 703 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read An Englishman Looks at the World section by section

How to work through An Englishman Looks at the World section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in An Englishman Looks at the World

Words and structures a reader meets early in An Englishman Looks at the World, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Englishman Looks at the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Englishman Looks at the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unrestrained
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Englishman Looks at the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Remarks
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Englishman Looks at the World; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.