Chapter XV

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

capable of being reached

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

a young person of either sex

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the quality of being intricate and compounded

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

being joined in close association

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

method or manner of conduct in relation to others

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

plural of “difference” — the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

made different (especially in the course of development) or shown to be different

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

plural of “direction” — a line leading to a place or point

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

clear to the mind; with distinct mental discernment

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

past form of “enumerate” — specify individually

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

third-person singular of “excite” — arouse or elicit a feeling

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

characterized by expression

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

a gay feeling

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

plural of “germ” — anything that provides inspiration for later work

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

third-person singular of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

an instinctive motive

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the sound of laughing

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

showing or feeling mirth or pleasure or happiness

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

the sound of laughing

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

take somebody somewhere

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

most important element

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

plural of “manifestation” — a clear appearance

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

characterized by method and orderliness

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

plural of “movement” — a change of position that does not entail a change of location

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

go across or through

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

third-person singular of “precede” — be earlier in time; go back further

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

plural of “problem” — a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

affecting or influenced by the human mind

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

plural of “reaction” — (chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

a general conscious awareness

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

(biology) the structural adaptation of some body part for a particular function

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

happening or arising without apparent external cause

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

a just detectable amount

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

third-person singular of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Two closely connected problems are involved here: (_a_) how the expressive movements, the laugh and the smile, themselves change and get differentiated; and (_b_) how the psychical process which precedes and excites these expressive movements grows in complexity and differences itself into the various forms of gaiety or amusement enumerated above.

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Having examined the earliest and distinctly hereditary germs of the laughing impulse in the child, we may pass to the consideration of its expansion and specialisation during the first years.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.

in the company of; together with

From this reading In dealing with these early manifestations we shall, of course, look for reactions which are spontaneous, in the sense of not being due to imitation and the lead of others.

a late time of life

From this reading DEVELOPMENT OF LAUGHTER DURING THE FIRST THREE YEARS OF LIFE.

but in spite of that

From this reading Although, so far as I am aware, the new child-study has not yet produced a methodical record of the changes which this interesting expression of feeling undergoes, we may by help of such data as are accessible be able to trace out some of the main directions of its development.