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An Undivided Union
An Undivided Union

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of An Undivided Union is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.
At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.
The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.
Going into the Gap after the Confederates was no easy task.
The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An Undivided Union

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of An Undivided Union is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.
Line 2
At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.
Line 3
The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.
Line 4
Going into the Gap after the Confederates was no easy task.
/ˈɡoʊɪŋ ˈɪntuː ðə ɡæp ˈæftər ðə kənˈfedərəts wɑːz noʊ ˈiːzi tæsk/
Line 5
The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Confederates noun US /kənˈfedərəts/

plural of “confederate” — a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading “THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.”

endeavor noun US /ɪnˈdevər/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading “The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.”

evacuation noun US /ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading “THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.”

Granger noun US /ˈɡreɪndʒər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading “THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.”

Guy's noun US /ɡaɪz/

possessive form of “guy” — an informal term for a youth or man

From this reading “The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.”

lightest adjective US /ˈlaɪtəst/

superlative of “light” — of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading “The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.”

Mitchell noun US /ˈmɪtʃəl/

English aeronautical engineer (1895-1937)

From this reading “At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.”

Stanley's noun US /ˈstænliz/

possessive form of “stanley” — United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)

From this reading “At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

23

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

absentadjectiveUS /ˈæbsənt/

not being in a specified place

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

Christiana

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

commandsnounUS /kəˈmændz/

plural of “command” — an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

commonlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

ConfederatesnounUS /kənˈfedərəts/

plural of “confederate” — a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

conferencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfərəns/

a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

dnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

driveverbUS /draɪv/

operate or control a vehicle

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading Going into the Gap after the Confederates was no easy task.

endeavornounUS /ɪnˈdevər/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

EVACUATIONnounUS /ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

fightingnounUS /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

GapnounUS /ɡæp/

a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

GoingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Going into the Gap after the Confederates was no easy task.

GrangernounUS /ˈɡreɪndʒər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

Guy'snounUS /ɡaɪz/

possessive form of “guy” — an informal term for a youth or man

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

knee-deepadjective

coming only to the ankle or knee

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

lightestadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪtəst/

superlative of “light” — of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

major-generalnoun

a general officer ranking above a brigadier general and below a lieutenant general

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

marchingnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

MitchellnounUS /ˈmɪtʃəl/

English aeronautical engineer (1895-1937)

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

mudnounUS /mʌd/

water soaked soil; soft wet earth

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

Murfreesboro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Going into the Gap after the Confederates was no easy task.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

onwardadverbUS /ˈɔːnwərd/

forward in time or order or degree

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

proceedverbUS /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

rifle-pits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

Riverlawns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

Shelbyville

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

spotsnounUS /spɑːts/

spots before the eyes caused by opaque cell fragments in the vitreous humor and lens

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

Stanley'snounUS /ˈstænliz/

possessive form of “stanley” — United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading Going into the Gap after the Confederates was no easy task.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

Triuneadjective

being three in one; used especially of the Christian Trinity

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

TULLAHOMA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The two commands met at the village mentioned, and after a brief conference it was decided that both should proceed onward in an endeavor to drive the enemy from Guy's Gap back into the rifle-pits at Shelbyville.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At the same time the cavalry under General Mitchell--commonly called Stanley's cavalry, although the major-general was absent--moved along as already told, having with them the Riverlawns.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The way was rough in some spots, and knee-deep with mud in others, and the forces went forward in the lightest marching order possible.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE EVACUATION OF TULLAHOMA On the afternoon of this 23d day of June, General Granger had left Triune, with his forces, and after but little fighting had driven the Confederates back to Christiana, a small village on the road from Murfreesboro to Shelbyville.

Chapter 19 of An Undivided Union by Oliver Optic holds 119 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of An Undivided Union contain?

Chapter 19 holds 119 sentences of An Undivided Union, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of An Undivided Union by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 119 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of An Undivided Union?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading An Undivided Union

Common questions about reading An Undivided Union by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of An Undivided Union?

Yes. All 5307 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25440 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of An Undivided Union is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25440, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does An Undivided Union take to read?

About 442 minutes of reading across 1062 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read An Undivided Union section by section

How to work through An Undivided Union section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of An Undivided Union to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in An Undivided Union

Words and structures a reader meets early in An Undivided Union, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gray--on
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.