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An Undivided Union
An Undivided Union

Chapter XXV · Chapter 25

Chapter 25 of An Undivided Union is here in full — 120 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
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OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.
He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.
The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.
The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.
He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

An Undivided Union

Chapter XXV · Chapter 25

Chapter 25 of An Undivided Union is here in full — 120 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.
Line 2
He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.
/hiː hæd əˈtætʃt hɪmˈself tuː ðə ˈkævəlri æt fɜːrst bʌt hæd suːn bɪn trænˈsfɜːrd baɪ hɪz oʊn wɪʃ tuː ðə ˈsɪɡnəl kɔːr/
Line 3
The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.
Line 4
The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.
/ðə ˈkæptən wɑːz ə breɪv ˈfeloʊ ənd fɔːr jɪrz æt ˈaʊər ˈnæʃənəl ˈmɪləteri əˈkæd.ə.mi hæd tɔːt hɪm ə θɪŋ ɔːr tuː æz oʊld ˈɑːrmi ˈɔːfəsərz ɑːr woʊnt tuː ɪkˈspres ɪt/
Line 5
He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.
/hiː wɑːz ə ˈprɪzənər ʌv ðə ˈenəmi bʌt hiː dɪd nɑːt ˌɪnˈtend tuː rɪˈmeɪn soʊ ˈveri lɔːŋ ɪf hiː kʊd help ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apparatuses noun US /ˌæpərˈætəsəz/

plural of “apparatus” — equipment designed to serve a specific function

From this reading “The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.”

Bragg noun US /bræɡ/

Confederate general during the American Civil War who was defeated by Grant in the battle of Chattanooga (1817-1876)

From this reading “The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.”

graduate verb US /ˈɡrædʒəwət/

receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studies

From this reading “OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.”

hilltop noun US /ˈhɪltɑːp/

the peak of a hill

From this reading “The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.”

operated verb US /ˈɑːpəreɪtəd/

past form of “operate” — direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.

From this reading “The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.”

signalling verb US /ˈsɪɡnəlɪŋ/

inflected form of “signal” — communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs

From this reading “The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.”

Tennessee noun US /ˌtenəˈsiː/

a state in east central United States

From this reading “The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.”

topography noun US /təˈpɑːɡrəfi/

the configuration of a surface and the relations among its man-made and natural features

From this reading “The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

academynounUS /əˈkæd.ə.mi/

A place of study or training in a special field of knowledge and arts.

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

apparatusesnounUS /ˌæpərˈætəsəz/

plural of “apparatus” — equipment designed to serve a specific function

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

attachedadjectiveUS /əˈtætʃt/

being joined in close association

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

BraggnounUS /bræɡ/

Confederate general during the American Civil War who was defeated by Grant in the battle of Chattanooga (1817-1876)

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

Braxton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

corpsnounUS /kɔːr/

an army unit usually consisting of two or more divisions and their support

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

COVEnounUS /koʊv/

a small inlet

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

districtsnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkts/

plural of “district” — a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

give expression to

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

firedadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪərd/

having lost your job

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

graduateverbUS /ˈɡrædʒəwət/

receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studies

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

hilltopnounUS /ˈhɪltɑːp/

the peak of a hill

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

intendverbUS /ˌɪnˈtend/

have in mind as a purpose

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

McLEMORE'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

messagesnounUS /ˈmesədʒəz/

plural of “message” — a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

operatedverbUS /ˈɑːpəreɪtəd/

past form of “operate” — direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

OPERATIONSnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃənz/

financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

PointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

signalnounUS /ˈsɪɡnəl/

any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

signallingverbUS /ˈsɪɡnəlɪŋ/

inflected form of “signal” — communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

Sumter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

TennesseenounUS /ˌtenəˈsiː/

a state in east central United States

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

topographynounUS /təˈpɑːɡrəfi/

the configuration of a surface and the relations among its man-made and natural features

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

transferredverbUS /trænˈsfɜːrd/

inflected form of “transfer” — transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

travellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

Vallingham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading He was a prisoner of the enemy, but he did not intend to remain so very long, if he could help it.

volunteerverbUS /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/

tell voluntarily

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading OPERATIONS IN McLEMORE'S COVE Captain Vallingham was a graduate of West Point who had gone into the volunteer service of the South immediately after Fort Sumter was fired upon.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading He had attached himself to the cavalry at first, but had soon been transferred, by his own wish, to the signal corps.

wontnounUS /woʊnt/

an established custom

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The captain was a brave fellow, and four years at our national military academy had "taught him a thing or two," as old army officers are wont to express it.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The corps as operated in the army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg was a poor one, yet it did some excellent work in those districts where travelling from one hilltop to another was slow work, but where the topography was just right for sending messages from point to point by means of various signalling apparatuses.

Chapter 25 of An Undivided Union by Oliver Optic holds 120 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 25 of An Undivided Union contain?

Chapter 25 holds 120 sentences of An Undivided Union, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 25 of An Undivided Union by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 120 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 25 of An Undivided Union?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 25 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 25 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading An Undivided Union

Common questions about reading An Undivided Union by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of An Undivided Union?

Yes. All 5307 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25440 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of An Undivided Union is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25440, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does An Undivided Union take to read?

About 442 minutes of reading across 1062 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in An Undivided Union

Words and structures a reader meets early in An Undivided Union, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gray--on
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of An Undivided Union; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.