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Antonina
Antonina

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Antonina is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ANTONINA.
Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?
Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?
Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.
From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Antonina

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Antonina is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ANTONINA.
Line 2
Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?
Line 3
Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?
/huː ˈæftər ˈtɔɪlɪŋ θruː ðə ˈwʌndərz ʌv ðə dɑːrk ˈmelənkɑːli ˈsɪti hæz nɑːt bɪn rɪˈvaɪvd baɪ ə ˈvɪzɪt tuː ɪts ˈʃeɪdi wɔːks ənd baɪ ˈbriːðɪŋ ɪts ˈfreɪɡrənt ˈbriːzɪz/
Line 4
Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.
Line 5
From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.
/frʌm ɪts smuːð ˈsʌmət ðə ˈsɪti ɪz siːn ɪn ɪts ˈʌtmoʊst ˈmædʒəsti ənd ðə sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈkʌntri ɪn ɪts ˈbraɪtəst ˈæspekt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attractions noun US /əˈtrækʃənz/

plural of “attraction” — the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading “Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?”

breezes noun US /ˈbriːzɪz/

plural of “breeze” — a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading “Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?”

brightest adjective US /ˈbraɪtəst/

superlative of “bright” — emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading “From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.”

declining verb US /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading “Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.”

refreshment noun US /rəˈfreʃmənt/

snacks and drinks served as a light meal

From this reading “Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.”

reigns noun US /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading “Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.”

solace noun US /ˈsɑːləs/

the comfort you feel when consoled in times of disappointment

From this reading “Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.”

toiling adjective US /ˈtɔɪlɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading “Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

airyadjectiveUS /ˈeri/

open to or abounding in fresh air

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

AmidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

ANTONINA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ANTONINA.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

attractionsnounUS /əˈtrækʃənz/

plural of “attraction” — the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

breathingnounUS /ˈbriːðɪŋ/

the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

breezesnounUS /ˈbriːzɪz/

plural of “breeze” — a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

brightestadjectiveUS /ˈbraɪtəst/

superlative of “bright” — emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

decliningverbUS /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

delightfuladjectiveUS /dɪˈlaɪtfəl/

greatly pleasing or entertaining

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

elevationnounUS /ˌeləˈveɪʃən/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

fragrantadjectiveUS /ˈfreɪɡrənt/

pleasant-smelling

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

HillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

invitingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪŋ/

attractive and tempting

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

majestynounUS /ˈmædʒəsti/

impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

melancholynounUS /ˈmelənkɑːli/

a feeling of thoughtful sadness

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

mournfulnessnoun

a state of gloomy sorrow

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

Pincian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

refreshmentnounUS /rəˈfreʃmənt/

snacks and drinks served as a light meal

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

reignsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

revivedadjectiveUS /rɪˈvaɪvd/

restored to consciousness or life or vigor

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

risesnounUS /ˈraɪzəz/

plural of “rise” — a growth in strength or number or importance

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

shadyadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪdi/

quiet, dark, or concealed

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

solacenounUS /ˈsɑːləs/

the comfort you feel when consoled in times of disappointment

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

solemnadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləm/

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

summitnounUS /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Amid the solemn mournfulness that reigns over declining Rome, this delightful elevation rises light, airy, and inviting, at once a refreshment to the body and a solace to the spirit.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

toilingadjectiveUS /ˈtɔɪlɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading From its smooth summit the city is seen in its utmost majesty, and the surrounding country in its brightest aspect.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

walksnounUS /wɔːks/

plural of “walk” — the act of traveling by foot

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Who that has been at Rome does not remember with delight the attractions of the Pincian Hill?

wondersnounUS /ˈwʌndərz/

plural of “wonder” — the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading Who, after toiling through the wonders of the dark, melancholy city, has not been revived by a visit to its shady walks, and by breathing its fragrant breezes?

Chapter 4 of Antonina by Wilkie Collins holds 144 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Antonina contain?

Chapter 4 holds 144 sentences of Antonina, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Antonina by Wilkie Collins exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 144 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Antonina?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Antonina

Common questions about reading Antonina by Wilkie Collins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Antonina?

Yes. All 5625 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3606 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Antonina is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3606, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Antonina take to read?

About 468 minutes of reading across 1125 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Antonina section by section

How to work through Antonina section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of Antonina to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Antonina

Words and structures a reader meets early in Antonina, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Court
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Antonina; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Traveller
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Antonina; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Departs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Antonina; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ordinary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Antonina; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.