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Antonina
Antonina

Chapter VII

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Context Illustration Reading 1/76 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE GOTHS.
It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.
It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.
The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.
An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Antonina

Chapter VII

Reading 1/76 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE GOTHS.
Line 2
It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.
Line 3
It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.
Line 4
The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.
Line 5
An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Ancient adjective US /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading “The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.”

Length noun US /leŋθ/

a period of time or extent

From this reading “The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.”

Name noun US /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.”

Stood noun US /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.”

Strength noun US /ˈstrength/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.”

Struck noun US /struck/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

actually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

army

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

barbarians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

capital

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

conquest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

cry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

deprived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

driven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

ear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

Empire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

false

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

fly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

GOTHS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GOTHS.

guarded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

ill-founded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

inviolability

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

lengthnounUS /leŋθ/

a period of time or extent

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

lost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

morally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

namenounUS /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

Numerian's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

penetrated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

populace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

pristine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

really

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

renown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

Rome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

rumour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

security

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

stoodnounUS /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

strengthnounUS /ˈstrength/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

strucknounUS /struck/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

suburbs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

terror

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

terrors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE GOTHS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

Ulpius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

vengeance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!

walls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was no false rumour that had driven the populace of the suburbs to fly to the security of the city walls.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The name of Rome had really lost its pristine terrors; the walls of Rome, those walls which had morally guarded the Empire by their renown, as they had actually guarded its capital by their strength, were deprived at length of their ancient inviolability.

window

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was no ill-founded cry of terror that struck the ear of Ulpius, as he stood at Numerian's window.

World

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An army of barbarians had indeed penetrated for conquest and for vengeance to the City of the World!