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Arctic exploration
Arctic exploration

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Arctic exploration is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
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FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.
The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.
The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.
The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.
Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Arctic exploration

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Arctic exploration is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.
Line 2
The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.
Line 3
The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.
Line 4
The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.
Line 5
Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.
/ˈfræŋklɪn wɑːz ˈɔːlsoʊ tuː ˈkɑːndəkt ə ˈsɪriz ʌv ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈkerfəl noʊts ʌv ðə ˈtʃeɪndʒəz ɪn ðə ˈtemprətʃər ðə steɪt ʌv ðə waɪnd ənd ˈweðər ðə dɪp ənd ˌveriˈeɪʃən ʌv ðə mæɡˈnetɪk ˈniːdəl ənd ðə ɪnˈtensəti ʌv ðə mæɡˈnetɪk fɔːrs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commissioned adjective US /kəˈmɪʃənd/

(of military officers) holding by virtue of a commission a rank of second lieutenant or ensign or above

From this reading “The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.”

explorer noun US /ɪkˈsplɔːrər/

someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)

From this reading “FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.”

franklin's noun US /ˈfræŋklənz/

possessive form of “franklin” — United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)

Hepburn noun US /ˈhepbərn/

United States film actress who appeared in many films with Spencer Tracy (1907-2003)

From this reading “The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.”

overland adjective US /ˈoʊvərlænd/

traveling or passing over land

From this reading “FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.”

Parry verb US /ˈperi/

impede the movement of (an opponent or a ball)

From this reading “FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.”

Richardson noun US /ˈrɪtʃərdsən/

United States architect (1838-1886)

From this reading “The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.”

variation noun US /ˌveriˈeɪʃən/

an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading “Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

less important adverb + adjective

In this reading “The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.”

succeed in verb + particle

In this reading “The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.”

careful notes adjective + noun counted as “careful note”

In this reading “Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.”

consisted of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.”

changes in verb + particle counted as “change in”

In this reading “Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.”

All words in this reading · 131

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

18

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

1818

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

BackadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

carefuladjectiveUS /ˈkerfəl/

exercising caution or showing care or attention

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

commissionedadjectiveUS /kəˈmɪʃənd/

(of military officers) holding by virtue of a commission a rank of second lieutenant or ensign or above

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

conspicuousadjectiveUS /kənˈspɪkjuːəs/

obvious to the eye or mind

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

continentnounUS /ˈkɑːntənənt/

one of the large landmasses of the earth

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

Coppermine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

depositverbUS /dəˈpɑːzɪt/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

dipverbUS /dɪp/

immerse briefly into a liquid so as to wet, coat, or saturate

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

eastwardadjectiveUS /ˈiːstwərd/

moving toward the east

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

exploreverbUS /ɪkˈsplɔːr/

inquire into

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

explorernounUS /ɪkˈsplɔːrər/

someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

findingnounUS /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

FranklinnounUS /ˈfræŋklɪn/

United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

FRANKLIN'SnounUS /ˈfræŋklənz/

possessive form of “franklin” — United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

Griper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

Hecla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

HepburnnounUS /ˈhepbərn/

United States film actress who appeared in many films with Spencer Tracy (1907-2003)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

HoodnounUS /hʊd/

an aggressive and violent young criminal

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

intensitynounUS /ɪnˈtensəti/

the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation)

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

interviewverbUS /ˈɪntərvjuː/

conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

JOURNEYverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

magneticadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnetɪk/

of or relating to or caused by magnetism

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

matenounUS /meɪt/

the officer below the master on a commercial ship

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

Melville's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

midshipmannounUS /ˈmɪdˈʃɪpmən/

a temporary rank held by young naval officers in training

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

navynounUS /ˈneɪvi/

an organization of military vessels belonging to a country and available for sea warfare

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

needlenounUS /ˈniːdəl/

the leaf of a conifer

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

north-westadverb

to, toward, or in the northwest

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

observationsnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

OVERLANDadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərlænd/

traveling or passing over land

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

ParryverbUS /ˈperi/

impede the movement of (an opponent or a ball)

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

Parry's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

passagenounUS /ˈpæsədʒ/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

rememberedverbUS /rɪˈmembərd/

past form of “remember” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

resultsnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

RichardsonnounUS /ˈrɪtʃərdsən/

United States architect (1838-1886)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

sailornounUS /ˈseɪlər/

any member of a ship's crew

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

scientificadjectiveUS /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

servantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

shoresnounUS /ʃɔːrz/

plural of “shore” — the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

succeedverbUS /səkˈsiːd/

attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

summonedverbUS /ˈsʌmənd/

past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

surgeonnounUS /ˈsɜːrdʒən/

a physician who specializes in surgery

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

surveynounUS /sərˈveɪ/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

temperaturenounUS /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

TrentnounUS /trent/

a river in central England that flows generally northeastward to join with the Ouse River and form the Humber

From this reading The members of this expedition were five in number, and consisted of Franklin himself, Dr John Richardson, a surgeon in the navy, George Back, who had sailed as mate in the _Trent_ with Franklin in 1818, Robert Hood, a midshipman, and John Hepburn, a sailor who was to act as servant.

undertakeverbUS /ˈʌndərteɪk/

enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

variationnounUS /ˌveriˈeɪʃən/

an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The object was to survey the coast carefully, to place conspicuous marks at the points at which ships might enter, and to deposit such information as to the nature of the coast as might be of service to Parry if he should actually succeed in finding a north-west passage.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The results of this interview were that while Parry was appointed to the command of the _Hecla_ and _Griper_, Franklin was commissioned to undertake the no less important overland expedition to explore the shores of the North American continent from the mouth of the Coppermine River eastward.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Franklin was also to conduct a series of scientific observations, making careful notes of the changes in the temperature, the state of the wind and weather, the dip and variation of the magnetic needle, and the intensity of the magnetic force.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY It is now necessary to return to Parry’s friend and fellow explorer, John Franklin, who, it will be remembered, was summoned into Lord Melville’s presence with Parry on November 18, 1818.

Chapter 5 of Arctic exploration by J. Douglas Hoare holds 153 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Arctic exploration contain?

Chapter 5 holds 153 sentences of Arctic exploration, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Arctic exploration by J. Douglas Hoare exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 153 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Arctic exploration?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Is this the complete text of Arctic exploration?

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About 209 minutes of reading across 503 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Arctic exploration

Words and structures a reader meets early in Arctic exploration, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arctic exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Displayed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arctic exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arctic exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arctic exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.