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Arethusa
Arethusa

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Arethusa is here in full — 20 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Arethusa
Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.
AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.
Set up and electrotyped.
Published November, 1907.
Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Arethusa

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Arethusa is here in full — 20 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.
/aɪˈtælɪk tekst ɪz dɪˈnoʊtəd baɪ ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz ənd boʊld tekst baɪ ˈiːkwəl saɪnz/
Line 2
AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.
Line 3
Set up and electrotyped.
Line 4
Published November, 1907.
Line 5
Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cushing noun US /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading “Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.”

denoted verb US /dɪˈnoʊtəd/

past form of “denote” — be a sign or indication of

From this reading “Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.”

Italic noun US /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.”

November noun US /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading “Published November, 1907.”

Press verb US /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading “Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.”

Published adjective US /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading “Published November, 1907.”

text noun US /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading “Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.”

underscores noun US /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Set up verb + adjective

set up or found

In this reading “Set up and electrotyped.”

All words in this reading · 33

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1907

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Published November, 1907.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.

Berwick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

CushingnounUS /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

denotedverbUS /dɪˈnoʊtəd/

past form of “denote” — be a sign or indication of

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

electrotyped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

ItalicnounUS /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

LADYnounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.

MassnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

Norwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading Published November, 1907.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

PublishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Published November, 1907.

ROMEnounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

SARACINESCA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF "SARACINESCA," "A LADY OF ROME," ETC., ETC.

SetverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

SmithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

underscoresnounUS /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

Chapter 1 of Arethusa by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford holds 20 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Arethusa contain?

Chapter 1 holds 20 sentences of Arethusa, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Arethusa by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 20 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Arethusa?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Arethusa

Common questions about reading Arethusa by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Arethusa?

Yes. All 4670 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41929 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Arethusa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41929, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Arethusa take to read?

About 389 minutes of reading across 934 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Arethusa section by section

How to work through Arethusa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Arethusa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Arethusa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Arethusa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arethusa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arethusa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arethusa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Arethusa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.