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Ariel: A Shelley Romance
Ariel: A Shelley Romance

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Ariel: A Shelley Romance is here in full — 74 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, Now, boys, be pure in heart!
For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”
The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.
In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.
The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ariel: A Shelley Romance

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Ariel: A Shelley Romance is here in full — 74 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!
Line 2
For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”
Line 3
The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.
Line 4
In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.
/ɪn ðoʊz deɪz ðə səˈvɪrəst ˈdɪsəplən faʊnd ˈfeɪvər wɪð ðə best ˈpiːpəl/
Line 5
The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.
/ðə ˈriːsənt frentʃ ˌrevəˈluːʃən hæd pruːvd ðə ˈdeɪndʒərz ʌv ˈlɪbɜːrəlɪzəm wen ɪt əˈfekts ðə ˈɡʌvərnɪŋ ˈklæsəz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affects noun US /əˈfekts/

plural of “affect” — the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion

From this reading “The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.”

bishops noun US /ˈbɪʃəps/

plural of “bishop” — a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading “The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.”

dukes noun US /duːks/

plural of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading “The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.”

flog verb US /flɑːɡ/

beat severely with a whip or rod

From this reading “For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!””

governing adjective US /ˈɡʌvərnɪŋ/

responsible for making and enforcing rules and laws

From this reading “The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.”

Headmaster noun US /ˈhedˈmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading “In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!”

liberalism noun US /ˈlɪbɜːrəlɪzəm/

a political orientation that favors social progress by reform and by changing laws rather than by revolution

From this reading “The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.”

severest adjective US /səˈvɪrəst/

superlative of “severe” — intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading “In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

governing classes adjective + noun counted as “governing class”

In this reading “The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.”

merchant princes noun + noun counted as “merchant prince”

In this reading “The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.”

on the road preposition + article + noun counted as “on … road”

travelling about

In this reading “In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!”

by saying preposition + noun

In this reading “In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!”

in the kingdom preposition + article + noun counted as “in … kingdom”

In this reading “The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1809

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

affectsnounUS /əˈfekts/

plural of “affect” — the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

Beatitudenoun

a state of supreme happiness

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

birched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

bishopsnounUS /ˈbɪʃəps/

plural of “bishop” — a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

countynounUS /ˈkaʊnti/

(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

dangersnounUS /ˈdeɪndʒərz/

plural of “danger” — the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

displeasedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspliːzd/

not pleased; experiencing or manifesting displeasure

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

dukesnounUS /duːks/

plural of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

Eton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

favournounUS /ˈfeɪvər/

a feeling of favorable regard

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

ferocitynounUS /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

flogverbUS /flɑːɡ/

beat severely with a whip or rod

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

flogging-block

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

generalsnounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

governingadjectiveUS /ˈɡʌvərnɪŋ/

responsible for making and enforcing rules and laws

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

HeadmasternounUS /ˈhedˈmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

I'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

IIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

Keate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

liberalismnounUS /ˈlɪbɜːrəlɪzəm/

a political orientation that favors social progress by reform and by changing laws rather than by revolution

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

lightlyadverbUS /ˈlaɪtli/

without good reason

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

ministersnounUS /ˈmɪnəstərz/

plural of “minister” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

perfectionnounUS /pərˈfekʃən/

the state of being without a flaw or defect

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

piousadjectiveUS /ˈpaɪəs/

having or showing or expressing reverence for a deity

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

princesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəz/

plural of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

recentadjectiveUS /ˈriːsənt/

new

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

sermonnounUS /ˈsɜːrmən/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

severestadjectiveUS /səˈvɪrəst/

superlative of “severe” — intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

SixthadjectiveUS /sɪksθ/

coming next after the fifth and just before the seventh in position

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

specimennounUS /ˈspesəmən/

an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

stationnounUS /ˈsteɪʃən/

a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The county gentlemen and merchant princes who put their sons under his care were not displeased by such a specimen of pious ferocity, nor could they think lightly of the man who had birched half the ministers, bishops, generals, and dukes in the kingdom.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The recent French Revolution had proved the dangers of liberalism when it affects the governing classes.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In those days the severest discipline found favour with the best people.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In the year 1809 George III appointed as Headmaster of Eton, Dr. Keate, a terrible little man who considered the flogging-block a necessary station on the road to perfection, and who ended a sermon on the Sixth Beatitude by saying, “Now, boys, be pure in heart!

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading For if not, I’ll flog you until you are!”

Chapter 1 of Ariel: A Shelley Romance by André Maurois holds 74 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Ariel: A Shelley Romance contain?

Chapter 1 holds 74 sentences of Ariel: A Shelley Romance, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Ariel: A Shelley Romance by André Maurois exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 74 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Ariel: A Shelley Romance?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ariel: A Shelley Romance

Common questions about reading Ariel: A Shelley Romance by André Maurois on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ariel: A Shelley Romance?

Yes. All 4252 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64118 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ariel: A Shelley Romance is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64118, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ariel: A Shelley Romance take to read?

About 354 minutes of reading across 851 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ariel: A Shelley Romance section by section

How to work through Ariel: A Shelley Romance section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Ariel: A Shelley Romance to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ariel: A Shelley Romance

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ariel: A Shelley Romance, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

George
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ariel: A Shelley Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Appointed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ariel: A Shelley Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Headmaster
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ariel: A Shelley Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Keate
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ariel: A Shelley Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.