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Armadale
Armadale

Chapter I

Cover illustration for Armadale
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TO JOHN FORSTER.
In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.
Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.
They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.
They will judge it accordingly, and I ask no more.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Armadale

Chapter I

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TO JOHN FORSTER.
Line 2
In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.
Line 3
Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.
Line 4
They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.
Line 5
They will judge it accordingly, and I ask no more.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.”

JOHN noun US /john/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “TO JOHN FORSTER.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.”

May modal verb US /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.”

Think noun US /think/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.”

Whatever determiner US /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading “Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

accordingly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will judge it accordingly, and I ask no more.

acknowledgment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

affectionate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

appreciate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

ask

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will judge it accordingly, and I ask no more.

associated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

cause

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

experience

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

FORSTER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TO JOHN FORSTER.

friendly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

friendship

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

general

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

given

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

Goldsmith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

happiest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

hastily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

hope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

idly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

JOHN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TO JOHN FORSTER.

judge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will judge it accordingly, and I ask no more.

LifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

literature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

meditated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

merit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will judge it accordingly, and I ask no more.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading They will judge it accordingly, and I ask no more.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

pleading

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

prefatory

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

Readers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

reason

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

reception

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

rely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

remembrance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

rendered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

see

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

services

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

story

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

thinknounUS /think/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading TO JOHN FORSTER.

venture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Readers in general--on whose friendly reception experience has given me some reason to rely--will, I venture to hope, appreciate whatever merit there may be in this story without any prefatory pleading for it on my part.

wrought

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They will, I think, see that it has not been hastily meditated or idly wrought out.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In acknowledgment of the services which he has rendered to the cause of literature by his “Life of Goldsmith;” and in affectionate remembrance of a friendship which is associated with some of the happiest years of my life.