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Astoria
Astoria

Chapter VIII

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.
THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.
They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.
In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.
The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Astoria

Chapter VIII

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.
Line 2
THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.
Line 3
They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.
Line 4
In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.
Line 5
The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Among preposition US /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading “The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.”

Crew noun US /crew/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.”

Having auxiliary verb US /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading “The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.”

Ingenious adjective US /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Clever, original, and remarkably inventive in design and execution.

From this reading “Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.”

Struck noun US /struck/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.”

Themselves pronoun US /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading “They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.”

Told noun US /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

almost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

appeared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

Arrival

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

Astoria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

Astorians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

avail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Canadian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

catastrophe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

certainly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

Chief

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

coast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Columbia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

credit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

credulity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

crewnounUS /crew/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

deeds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

dismay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

Dolly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

doubtless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

dread

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

encouraged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

entire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

extreme

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

fearful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Festivities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

Forest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Freeman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

Gloom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

handful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

hearts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

hostile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Hunter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

ignorance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

incited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

IngeniousadjectiveUS /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Clever, original, and remarkably inventive in design and execution.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

ingenuity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

Iroquois

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

juncture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

late

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Launching

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

loss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

M'Dougal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

massacre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

mere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

mountains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

natives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

New

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

off

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

previously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

recourse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

regions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

savage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

savages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

scourge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

Small-Pox

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

Stratagem

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

strucknounUS /struck/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

surrounded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

swept

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

terrific

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

tidings

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From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

toldnounUS /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

Tonquin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE tidings of the loss of the Tonquin, and the massacre of her crew, struck dismay into the hearts of the Astorians.

Trapper

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From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

tribes

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From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

violence

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From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

west

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From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In this juncture Mr. M’Dougal, we are told, had recourse to a stratagem by which to avail himself of the ignorance and credulity of the savages, and which certainly does credit to his ingenuity.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Winter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They found themselves a mere handful of men, on a savage coast, surrounded by hostile tribes, who would doubtless be incited and encouraged to deeds of violence by the late fearful catastrophe.

Year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gloom at Astoria--An Ingenious Stratagem.--The Small-Pox Chief.--Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.--A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest--An Iroquois Hunter.-- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The natives of the coast, and, indeed, of all the regions west of the mountains, had an extreme dread of the small-pox; that terrific scourge having, a few years previously, appeared among them, and almost swept off entire tribes.