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Astoria
Astoria

Chapter XVII

Cover illustration for Astoria
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.
THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.
This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.
If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.
These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Astoria

Chapter XVII

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.
Line 2
THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.
Line 3
This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.
Line 4
If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.
Line 5
These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

Added noun US /added/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.”

Among preposition US /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading “This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

Broken noun US /broken/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

Continued noun US /ˈcontinued/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.”

Equally noun US /ˈequally/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.”

Having auxiliary verb US /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

However adverb US /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.”

Standing noun US /ˈstanding/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

addednounUS /added/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

always

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Arabs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

Arrangement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

blaze

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

brokennounUS /broken/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

buffalo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

Buffaloes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

camel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

cheerful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

chips

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

Concerning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

continuednounUS /ˈcontinued/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

desert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

destitute

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

dung

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

equal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

equallynounUS /ˈequally/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

evennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

evident

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

Fierceness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

Fires

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

flourished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Forestall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Fossil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

fragments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Fuel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Heat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Hunters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Indians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

insomuch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

journeying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

kindly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Lost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

lying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

Men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

met

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Missing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

New

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

past

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

plains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

Plan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Prairies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

repeatedly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Return

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Rogue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Rose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

said

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From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

shrubs

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From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

Signal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

Smokes

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From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

some

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From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

standingnounUS /ˈstanding/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

state

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

Substitute

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From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

Three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

throws

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From this reading If a few chips are added, it throws out a cheerful and kindly blaze.

times

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From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

travellers

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From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

Trees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

trunks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

turf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

Uneasiness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

universal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

upper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This substitute for fuel is universal among the Indians of these upper prairies, and is said to make a fire equal to that of turf.

use

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

Wanderers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE plains over which the travellers were journeying continued to be destitute of trees or even shrubs; insomuch that they had to use the dung of the buffalo for fuel, as the Arabs of the desert use that of the camel.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.--Fossil Trees.-- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.--Three Hunters Missing.--Signal Fires and Smokes.--Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.--A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.--New Arrangement With Rose.--Return of the Wanderers.

wood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These plains, however, had not always been equally destitute of wood, as was evident from the trunks of the trees which the travellers repeatedly met with, some still standing, others lying about in broken fragments, but all in a fossil state, having flourished in times long past.