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Astoria
Astoria

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Astoria is here in full — 54 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
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Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.
FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.
As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.
They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.
On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Astoria

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Astoria is here in full — 54 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.
Line 2
FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.
Line 3
As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.
/æz ˈlændmɑːrks ðeɪ ˈɡaɪdəd ðemˈselvz baɪ ðə ˈsʌmɪts ʌv ðə fɑːr ˈdɪstənt ˈmaʊntənz wɪtʃ ðeɪ səˈpoʊzd tuː bɪˈlɔːŋ tuː ðə ˈbɪɡhɔːrn tʃeɪn/
Line 4
They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.
/ðeɪ wɜːr ˈɡrædʒuːəli ˈraɪzɪŋ ˈɪntuː ə ˈhaɪər ˈtemprətʃər fɔːr ðə ˈweðər wɑːz koʊld fɔːr ðə ˈsiːzən wɪð ə ʃɑːrp frɔːst ɪn ðə naɪt ənd aɪs ʌv æn eɪtθ ʌv æn ɪntʃ ɪn ˈθɪknəs/
Line 5
On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bighorn noun US /ˈbɪɡhɔːrn/

a river that flows from central Wyoming to the Yellowstone River in southern Montana

From this reading “Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.”

Hunter's noun US /ˈhʌntərz/

possessive form of “hunter” — someone who hunts game

landmarks noun US /ˈlændmɑːrks/

plural of “landmark” — the position of a prominent or well-known object in a particular landscape

From this reading “As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.”

Superstitions noun US /ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃənz/

plural of “superstition” — an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear

From this reading “Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.”

thickness noun US /ˈθɪknəs/

the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width

From this reading “They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.”

tributary adjective US /ˈtrɪbjəteri/

(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream

From this reading “FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.”

westerly adverb US /ˈwestərli/

toward the west

From this reading “FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.”

Yellowstone noun US /ˈjeloʊstoʊn/

a tributary of the Missouri River that flows through the Yellowstone National Park

From this reading “FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

AbundancenounUS /əˈbʌndəns/

the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

AppearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

belongverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋ/

be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

BighornnounUS /ˈbɪɡhɔːrn/

a river that flows from central Wyoming to the Yellowstone River in southern Montana

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

ChainnounUS /tʃeɪn/

a series of things depending on each other as if linked together

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

CharacteristicsnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪks/

plural of “characteristic” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

ConcerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

DesertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

DistancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

dividingverbUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “divide” — separate into parts or portions

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

eighthadjectiveUS /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

ExtentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

FORprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

FreeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

GamenounUS /ɡeɪm/

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

GenerousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəs/

willing to give and share unstintingly

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

GroundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

guidedadjectiveUS /ˈɡaɪdəd/

subject to guidance or control especially after launching

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

HappyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

HeightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

HungernounUS /ˈhʌŋɡər/

a physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

Hunter'snounUS /ˈhʌntərz/

possessive form of “hunter” — someone who hunts game

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

HuntingnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

inchnounUS /ɪntʃ/

a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

LandnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

landmarksnounUS /ˈlændmɑːrks/

plural of “landmark” — the position of a prominent or well-known object in a particular landscape

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

MissourinounUS /məˈzʊri/

a midwestern state in central United States; a border state during the American Civil War, Missouri was admitted to the Confederacy without actually seceding from the Union

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

MountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

MountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

ParadisenounUS /ˈperədaɪs/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

PeaknounUS /piːk/

the most extreme possible amount or value

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

PowdernounUS /ˈpaʊdər/

a solid substance in the form of tiny loose particles; a solid that has been pulverized

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

pursuednounUS /pərˈsuːd/

a person who is being chased

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

ridgenounUS /rɪdʒ/

a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

RockyadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːki/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

RoughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

SeenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

SoulsnounUS /soʊlz/

plural of “soul” — the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

SpiritsnounUS /ˈspɪrɪts/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

SufferingsnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋz/

plural of “suffering” — a state of acute pain

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

summitsnounUS /ˈsʌmɪts/

plural of “summit” — the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

SuperstitionsnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃənz/

plural of “superstition” — an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

temperaturenounUS /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

ThempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

thicknessnounUS /ˈθɪknəs/

the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

ThirstnounUS /θɜːrst/

a physiological need to drink

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

thirty-four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

TownsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

TrailnounUS /treɪl/

a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

travellersnounUS /ˈtrævələrz/

plural of “traveller” — a person who changes location

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

TravellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

tributaryadjectiveUS /ˈtrɪbjəteri/

(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

twenty-second

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading On the twenty-second of August, early in the day, they came upon the trail of a numerous band.

VariousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Indian Trail.--Rough Mountain Travelling.--Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst--Powder River.--Game in Abundance.-A Hunter’s Paradise.--Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.-- One of the Bighorn Chain.--Rocky Mountains.--Extent.-- Appearance.--Height.-The Great American Desert.--Various Characteristics of the Mountains.--Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.--Land of Souls.--Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits--Happy Hunting Grounds.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

westerlyadverbUS /ˈwestərli/

toward the west

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As landmarks they guided themselves by the summits of the far distant mountains, which they supposed to belong to the Bighorn chain.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They were gradually rising into a higher temperature, for the weather was cold for the season, with a sharp frost in the night, and ice of an eighth of an inch in thickness.

YellowstonenounUS /ˈjeloʊstoʊn/

a tributary of the Missouri River that flows through the Yellowstone National Park

From this reading FOR the two following days, the travellers pursued a westerly course for thirty-four miles along a ridge of country dividing the tributary waters of the Missouri and the Yellowstone.

Chapter 18 of Astoria by Washington Irving holds 54 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Astoria contain?

Chapter 18 holds 54 sentences of Astoria, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Astoria by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 54 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Astoria?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Astoria

Common questions about reading Astoria by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Astoria?

Yes. All 5686 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1371 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Astoria is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1371, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Astoria take to read?

About 473 minutes of reading across 1138 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Astoria section by section

How to work through Astoria section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Astoria to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Astoria

Words and structures a reader meets early in Astoria, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Objects
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enterprise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hunting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.