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Astoria
Astoria

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Astoria is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Astoria
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.
AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.
The little river on which they were encamped gave many beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.
As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.
The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Astoria

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Astoria is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.
Line 2
AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.
Line 3
The little river on which they were encamped gave manybeaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.
Line 4
As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.
Line 5
The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

a

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

advancing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

Alliance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

along

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

among

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

and

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

AS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

at

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

banks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

be

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

Bear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

beaver

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

beaver-trap

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

beheld

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

Ben

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

bring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

Broken-Down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Bull

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

by

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

Clay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

crushing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

dangerous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

daybreak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

depend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

Desperate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Dismal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Earths

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

encamped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

find

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

for

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Forlorn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

Graves

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Grizzly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

growl

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

had

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

hand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

he

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

heard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

Heights

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

him

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

his

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

Hospitable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

huge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

in

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

Indian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

intimidated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

Jones

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Kentuckian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

little

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

M'Lellan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

making

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

Man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

Meal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

might

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

Mineral

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

monster

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

Mountain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

neighborhood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

not

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

of

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

off

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

on

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

or

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

Peculiar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Plight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Pottery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

proper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

Proposition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Ravenous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Remains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

report

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

rifle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

river

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

Rocky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

savages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

set

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

Shocking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

shoulder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

signs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

Snakes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

sound

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

Starvation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

sturdy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sturdy Kentuckian was not to be intimidated by man or monster.

subsistence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

terrific

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

the

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

their

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

them

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

they

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

thickets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

to

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

Torrents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

Traces

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

trap

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

trapping-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

travellers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

turning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

upon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

Volcanic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.--Rocky Heights--Mountain Torrents.--Traces of M’Lellan.--Volcanic Remains--Mineral Earths.--Peculiar Clay for Pottery.--Dismal Plight of M’Lellan.--Starvation.--Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.--A Broken-Down Bull.--A Ravenous Meal.--Indian Graves-- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

was

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

were

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

where

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS the travellers were now in a dangerous neighborhood, where the report of a rifle might bring the savages upon them, they had to depend upon their old beaver-trap for subsistence.

which

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

willowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little river on which they were encamped gave many “beaver signs,” and Ben Jones set off at daybreak, along the willowed banks, to find a proper trapping-place.

with

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he was making his way among the thickets, with his trap on his shoulder and his rifle in his hand, he heard a crushing sound, and turning, beheld a huge grizzly bear advancing upon him, with terrific growl.

Chapter 31 of Astoria by Washington Irving holds 121 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Astoria contain?

Chapter 31 holds 121 sentences of Astoria, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Astoria by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 121 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Astoria?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Astoria

Common questions about reading Astoria by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Astoria?

Yes. All 5686 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1371 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Astoria is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1371, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Astoria take to read?

About 473 minutes of reading across 1138 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Astoria section by section

How to work through Astoria section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Astoria to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Astoria

Words and structures a reader meets early in Astoria, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Objects
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enterprise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hunting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astoria; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.