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Astronomy for Young Folks
Astronomy for Young Folks

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Astronomy for Young Folks is here in full — 448 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.
All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.
The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.
VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.
There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Astronomy for Young Folks

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Astronomy for Young Folks is here in full — 448 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.
Line 2
All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.
/ɔːl ʌv ðiːz ˈspaɪrəlz ɑːr rɪˈsiːdɪŋ frʌm ðə pleɪn ʌv ðə ˈmɪlki weɪ wɪð ɪˈnɔːrməs vəˈlɑːsətiz/
Line 3
The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.
Line 4
VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.
Line 5
There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

constellation noun US /ˌkɑːnstəˈleɪʃən/

an arrangement of parts or elements

From this reading “Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.”

Corona noun US /kərˈoʊnə/

the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; visible as a white halo during a solar eclipse

From this reading “VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.”

Milky adjective US /ˈmɪlki/

resembling milk in color; not clear

From this reading “All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.”

mythology noun US /məˈθɑːlədʒiː/

myths collectively; the body of stories associated with a culture or institution or person

From this reading “VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.”

nebulous adjective US /ˈnebjələs/

lacking definite form or limits

From this reading “Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.”

spirals noun US /ˈspaɪrəlz/

plural of “spiral” — a plane curve traced by a point circling about the center but at increasing distances from the center

From this reading “All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.”

velocities noun US /vəˈlɑːsətiz/

plural of “velocity” — distance travelled per unit time

From this reading “All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.”

Virgo noun US /ˈvɜːrɡoʊ/

(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Virgo

From this reading “Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Due east adjective + noun

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

In this reading “VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.”

large number adjective + noun

a large indefinite number

In this reading “There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.”

bright stars adjective + noun counted as “bright star”

In this reading “There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.”

rapidly moving adverb + adjective

In this reading “The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.”

moving objects adjective + noun counted as “moving object”

In this reading “The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.”

early part adjective + noun

In this reading “VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.”

about nine preposition + noun

In this reading “VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.”

in fact preposition + noun

in reality or actuality

In this reading “The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

40

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

Borealis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

brilliancynoun

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

chartnounUS /tʃɑːrt/

a visual display of information

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

circletnoun

a small circle

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

constellationnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈleɪʃən/

an arrangement of parts or elements

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

CoronanounUS /kərˈoʊnə/

the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; visible as a white halo during a solar eclipse

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

DueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

existverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪst/

have an existence, be extant

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.

faintadjectiveUS /feɪnt/

deficient in magnitude; barely perceptible; lacking clarity or brightness or loudness etc

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

fairlyadverbUS /ˈferli/

to certain extent or degree

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

famousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

GrecianadjectiveUS /ˈɡriːʃən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Greece or the Greeks or the Greek language

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

heavensnounUS /ˈhevənz/

the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

From this reading The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.

HerculesnounUS /ˈhɜːrkjəliːz/

(classical mythology) a hero noted for his strength; performed 12 immense labors to gain immortality

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

JULYnounUS /ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ/

the month following June and preceding August

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

latitudenounUS /ˈlætətuːd/

the angular distance between an imaginary line around a heavenly body parallel to its equator and the equator itself

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

MilkyadjectiveUS /ˈmɪlki/

resembling milk in color; not clear

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.

mythologynounUS /məˈθɑːlədʒiː/

myths collectively; the body of stories associated with a culture or institution or person

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

NnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

nebulousadjectiveUS /ˈnebjələs/

lacking definite form or limits

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

nebulæ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

ninenounUS /naɪn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

outlinedadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtlaɪnd/

showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

overheadadverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

planenounUS /pleɪn/

an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

profusionnounUS /prəˈfjuːʒən/

the property of being extremely abundant

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading The spiral nebulæ are, in fact, the most rapidly moving objects in the heavens.

recedingnounUS /rɪˈsiːdɪŋ/

a slow or gradual disappearance

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

spiralnounUS /ˈspaɪrəl/

a plane curve traced by a point circling about the center but at increasing distances from the center

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

spiralsnounUS /ˈspaɪrəlz/

plural of “spiral” — a plane curve traced by a point circling about the center but at increasing distances from the center

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

takesnounUS /teɪks/

plural of “take” — the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

telescopeverbUS /ˈteləskoʊp/

crush together or collapse

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are no stars of great brilliancy in this group, but it contains a large number of fairly bright stars arranged in the form outlined in the chart.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

velocitiesnounUS /vəˈlɑːsətiz/

plural of “velocity” — distance travelled per unit time

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

VIIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one

From this reading VIII JULY Due east of the little circlet of stars known as Corona Borealis, and almost directly overhead in our latitude (40° N.) about nine o'clock in the evening in the early part of July, is the large constellation of Hercules, named for the famous hero of Grecian mythology.

VirgonounUS /ˈvɜːrɡoʊ/

(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Virgo

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

WaynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading All of these spirals are receding from the plane of the Milky Way with enormous velocities.

WithinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

YnounUS /waɪ/

a silvery metallic element that is common in rare-earth minerals; used in magnesium and aluminum alloys

From this reading Within the branches of the "Y" in Virgo, and just to the north of it, is the wonderful nebulous region of this constellation, but it takes a powerful telescope to show the faint spiral nebulæ that exist here in great profusion.

Chapter 2 of Astronomy for Young Folks by Isabel Martin Lewis holds 448 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Astronomy for Young Folks contain?

Chapter 2 holds 448 sentences of Astronomy for Young Folks, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Astronomy for Young Folks by Isabel Martin Lewis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 448 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Astronomy for Young Folks?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Astronomy for Young Folks

Common questions about reading Astronomy for Young Folks by Isabel Martin Lewis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Astronomy for Young Folks?

Yes. All 2227 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45112 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Astronomy for Young Folks is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45112, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Astronomy for Young Folks take to read?

About 185 minutes of reading across 446 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Astronomy for Young Folks

Words and structures a reader meets early in Astronomy for Young Folks, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Isabel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astronomy for Young Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Martin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astronomy for Young Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lewis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astronomy for Young Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Connected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Astronomy for Young Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.